<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered medium)">
<!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Verdana;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char";
margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";}
span.BalloonTextChar
{mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Balloon Text";
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";}
span.EmailStyle21
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple">
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Also, fwiw, the panel in ICM v. ICANN held that ICANN is subject to international law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">J. Beckwith Burr<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658">Neustar, Inc. /</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> Deputy General Counsel and Chief Privacy Officer<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">1775 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658">Office</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">: + 1.202.533.2932
</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658"> Mobile</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">: +1.202.352.6367
</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658">/ becky.burr@neustar.biz / www.neustar.biz</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#339966;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Reduce</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> your
environmental footprint. Print only if necessary.<br>
</span><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Follow Neustar:</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#068658;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> <img width="21" height="21" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image007.png@01D01937.3101ED90" alt="http://neunet.neustar.biz/sites/default/files/295/New%20Picture.png"></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/neustarinc" target="_blank"><b><span style="color:#333333">Facebook</span></b></a> <img border="0" width="21" height="21" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image008.png@01D01937.3101ED90" alt="http://neunet.neustar.biz/sites/default/files/295/New%20Picture%20(1)(1).png"></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/5349" target="_blank"><b><span style="color:#333333">LinkedIn</span></b></a> <img border="0" width="18" height="18" id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image009.png@01D01937.3101ED90" alt="http://neunet.neustar.biz/sites/default/files/295/New%20Picture%20(2).png"> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/neustarinc" target="_blank"><b><span style="color:#333333">Twitter</span></b></a></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#7D7D7D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#7D7D7D">
<hr size="1" width="100%" noshade="" style="color:#969696" align="left">
</span></div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#7D7D7D">The information contained in this email message is intended only for the use of the recipient(s) named
above and may contain confidential and/or privileged information. If you are not the intended recipient you have received this email message in error and any review, dissemination, distribution, or copying of this message is strictly prohibited. If you have
received this communication in error, please notify us immediately and delete the original message.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org [mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Greg Shatan<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, December 16, 2014 12:48 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Carl Schonander<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Accountability Cross Community<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [CCWG-Accountability] Related work on ICANN's Public Interest<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">For what it's worth, customary international law has been defined as follows:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.75pt">
<em><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333">Customary international law</span></em><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333"> refers to international obligations arising from established
state practice, as opposed to obligations arising from formal written <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__topics.law.cornell.edu_wex_International-5Fconventions&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=xBhCFclGosikwLP_XQxNf3q-X-7kTKoxT_9_M76DgQw&e=" target="_self" title="reference on international treaties"><span style="color:#005C72">international
treaties</span></a>. According to Article 38(1)(b) of the <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.icj-2Dcij.org_documents_index.php-3Fp1-3D4-26p2-3D2-26p3-3D0&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=GvSCpGl2xoptkDFx8QM_srdsVthtYu-_VaDvrjsZAlQ&e="><span style="color:#005C72">ICJ Statute</span></a>,
customary international law is one of the <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__topics.law.cornell.edu_wex_Sources-5Fof-5Finternational-5Flaw&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=03XjtRMvUdyWXsVlSby5jwydWq6ib4lEf7btc2YZMII&e=" target="_self" title="reference on sources of international law"><span style="color:#005C72">sources
of international law</span></a>. Customary international law can be established by showing (1) state practice and (2) <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__topics.law.cornell.edu_wex_opinio-5Fjuris-5F-28international-5Flaw-29&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=NQkiJBWTkwUMXjwZ4pPMiwhxRyEIZE2UP3e7uNGlhwc&e=" target="_self" title="reference on opinio juris"><span style="color:#005C72">opinio
juris</span></a>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.75pt">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333">Put another way, “customary international law” results from a general and consistent practice of states that they follow from a sense of legal obligation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.75pt">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333">Malcolm N. Shaw, <em><span style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">International Law</span></em> 80 (5th ed., Cambridge, 2003).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.law.cornell.edu_wex_customary-5Finternational-5Flaw&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=Huc3oqgbE4gW3AEIo4_0m5DTQQYAB8FQGdlOEuojixQ&e=">http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/customary_international_law</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in">
<o:p> </o:p></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in">
Greg Shatan<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D">Gregory S. Shatan
</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#17365D">|</span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D">
</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#C0504D">Abelman Frayne & Schwab</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D">666 Third Avenue
</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#17365D">|</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D"> New York, NY 10017-5621</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Direct</span></b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy"> </span><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1155CC">212-885-9253 <b>| </b></span><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Main</span></b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy"> </span><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1155CC">212-949-9022</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Fax</span></b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy"> </span><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1155CC">212-949-9190 <b>|</b> </span><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Cell </span></b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1155CC">917-816-6428</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><i><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy"><a href="mailto:gsshatan@lawabel.com" target="_blank"><span style="color:#1155CC">gsshatan@lawabel.com</span></a></span></i></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">ICANN-related: <a href="mailto:gregshatanipc@gmail.com" target="_blank">
gregshatanipc@gmail.com</a> </span></b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-repeat:initial">
<b><i><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.lawabel.com_&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=ZmrmNCz5EnS9-AdEa3A5BiRZ1FnvZ5iMfgyTBBZ24bo&e=" target="_blank"><span style="color:#1155CC">www.lawabel.com</span></a></span></i></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Tue, Dec 16, 2014 at 12:24 PM, Carl Schonander <<a href="mailto:cschonander@siia.net" target="_blank">cschonander@siia.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The full body of international law meaning legally binding treaties as well as customary international
law. Carl</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Dr Eberhard W Lisse [mailto:<a href="mailto:el@lisse.na" target="_blank">el@lisse.na</a>]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, December 16, 2014 12:03 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Carl Schonander<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Steve DelBianco; Bruce Tonkin; Accountability Cross Community</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [CCWG-Accountability] Related work on ICANN's Public Interest<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Excellent.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">What International Law would you be referring to?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">el<br>
<br>
Sent from Dr Lisse's iPad mini<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
On Dec 16, 2014, at 18:44, Carl Schonander <<a href="mailto:cschonander@SIIA.net" target="_blank">cschonander@SIIA.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Steve et all:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Would like to propose the inclusion of the following sentence in between the last two sentences of
the proposed definition. “Respect for international and national law is essential.”
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Carl</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank">
accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a> [<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank">mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Steve DelBianco<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, December 16, 2014 7:34 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Bruce Tonkin; Accountability Cross Community<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [CCWG-Accountability] Related work on ICANN's Public Interest</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">As mentioned on today’s call, here is a proposed definition for global public interest in the context of ICANN:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">The 'public' part of public interest is concerned more with users and registrants than with contracted parties and others
who are deeply involved at ICANN. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">And the public interest in ICANN decisions is broader than just a secure and stable DNS. Namely, users and registrants want ICANN
to make sure the DNS delivers two essential and measurable qualities: <b><span style="color:black">Availability</span></b> and
<b>Integrity, </b>of <b>Registrations and Resolutions</b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Availability
</span></b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">of the DNS is critical for global users who increasingly rely on the Internet for information, communications, and commerce. Domain name resolutions need to be available 24 hours a day,
365 days a year, from anywhere on the globe. Availability also means being able to use any language and any script for both generic and country-code domains and email addresses.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Availability can also apply to domain names sought by registrants: will domains in new gTLDs be available to the public,
or will they be captured by insiders? That kind of availability should also be part of the public interest test for ICANN decisions.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Integrity</span></b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> of the DNS is vital to registrants
and end-users of the Internet. Registrants rely upon the integrity of domain name registration to ensure that their identities are not misrepresented or misappropriated. E-commerce and Internet financial transactions absolutely require integrity in resolution
of domain names and secure delivery of encrypted data.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Internet users depend upon the integrity of domain name services to provide accurate and authentic results when they
look up a website or send an email. Integrity is undermined by deceptive practices such as redirecting users to fraudulent websites or providing false information about the true owner of a web domain.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">I encourage further discussion on the concept of global public interest in our CCWG. This term is too important to leave
undefined or let a few individuals define it to fit their own agenda. If we allow 'public interest' to mean anything and everything, it will end up meaning nothing at all.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">—</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Steve DelBianco</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Executive Director</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">NetChoice</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.netchoice.org_&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=T1S3Naxrvaiy-3Nw4vhAO1yDl5CXFkXfJl7r-VVLCo0&e=" target="_blank">http://www.NetChoice.org</a> and <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__blog.netchoice.org_&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=6fbMz8AtxZVQHK0DqhKnW3FZTpcDL-uKklxgzM6xaD0&e=" target="_blank">http://blog.netchoice.org</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="tel:%2B1.202.420.7482" target="_blank">+1.202.420.7482</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">On 12/16/14, 11:48 AM, "Bruce Tonkin" <<a href="mailto:Bruce.Tonkin@melbourneit.com.au" target="_blank">Bruce.Tonkin@melbourneit.com.au</a>>
wrote:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Hello All,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">The origin of the strategic work on public interest comes from the strategy panel on Public Responsibility Framework.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.icann.org_en_system_files_files_prf-2Dreport-2D15may14-2Den.pdf&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=uoQokB2t4WXemD5DcZ4a0Uwthpi6CoJgAPsdl20rJyE&e=" target="_blank">https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/prf-report-15may14-en.pdf</a> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">That panel recommended the following definition:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">"Panel Definitions Submitted to ICANN:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">As an independent, global organization, ICANN is one of the organizations charged</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">with responsibility for an increasingly important shared global resource: The Internet.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">As one of the stewards of this resource, ICANN recognizes it has a responsibility to</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">protect and promote the global public interest, both throughout its work, and in</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">collaboration with other entities. ICANN's public responsibility permeates all areas of</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">its work and is at the core of its operations.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">ICANN defines the global public interest in relation to the Internet as ensuring the</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Internet becomes, and continues to be, stable, inclusive, and accessible across the</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">globe so that all may enjoy the benefits of a single and open Internet. In addressing its</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">public responsibility, ICANN must build trust in the Internet and its governance</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">ecosystem."</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">This definition though has not been formally adopted.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Regards,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Bruce Tonkin</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">_______________________________________________</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Accountability-Cross-Community mailing list</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="mailto:Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org" target="_blank">Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__mm.icann.org_mailman_listinfo_accountability-2Dcross-2Dcommunity&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=Sjy9Y8W1fdRrhIskXNHjNS4kmOpcRC9uIeVTw8kZGkM&e=" target="_blank">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/accountability-cross-community</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">_______________________________________________<br>
Accountability-Cross-Community mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org" target="_blank">Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org</a><br>
<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__mm.icann.org_mailman_listinfo_accountability-2Dcross-2Dcommunity&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=Sjy9Y8W1fdRrhIskXNHjNS4kmOpcRC9uIeVTw8kZGkM&e=" target="_blank">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/accountability-cross-community</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Accountability-Cross-Community mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org">Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org</a><br>
<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__mm.icann.org_mailman_listinfo_accountability-2Dcross-2Dcommunity&d=AwMFaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=jdIYY5P5ulJJNiE61ggqaOSExf1J1B0taRFIL0ZRv-8&s=Sjy9Y8W1fdRrhIskXNHjNS4kmOpcRC9uIeVTw8kZGkM&e=" target="_blank">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/accountability-cross-community</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>