<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div>Hi Chris,</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks for your thoughtful response.</div><div><br></div><div>As the NCSG is not organized as a legal person there was a question, unresolved, as to whether we could go forward with the IRP. It's important as we construct the specifics of the IRP that we do so in a way that allow SOAC's and other parties access to the mechanism without first becoming a legally recognized person or entity. They would have to do so, of course, in the unlikely event they would have / want to appeal to the judiciary for enforcement of the IRP decision.</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks for bringing this up Chris. It certainly is something we need to address in a positive fashion as we go forward constructing the details of the IRP procedure.</div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div><br></div><div>Ed<br><br>Sent from my iPhone</div><div><br>On Jun 23, 2015, at 4:12 PM, Chris Disspain <<a href="mailto:ceo@auda.org.au">ceo@auda.org.au</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Hi Ed,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Ah…understood. On cost, agreed and accepted subject to some parameters on frivolous use etc..</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">On standing, the current standing is:</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">"Any person materially affected by a decision or action by the Board that he or she asserts is inconsistent with the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws may submit a request for independent review of that decision or action. In order to be materially affected, the person must suffer injury or harm that is directly and causally connected to the Board's alleged violation of the Bylaws or the Articles of Incorporation, and not as a result of third parties acting in line with the Board's action."</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Are we anticipating a change that would enhance that in some way that would help in the example you gave?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">On statutory membership rights, that applies to enforcing the decision of the IRP but not to standing. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div apple-content-edited="true" class="">
<p class="p1"><br class=""></p>
<p class="p2">Cheers,</p>
<p class="p3"><br class=""></p>
<p class="p2">Chris</p>
</div>
<br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 24 Jun 2015, at 04:19 , Edward Morris <<a href="mailto:egmorris1@toast.net" class="">egmorris1@toast.net</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><div class="">Hi Chris,</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The revised Independent Review Process (IRP) would be a huge first step in the right direction. We went through the rather odious Cooperative Engagement Process (CEP) where things stalled. I should note that during the CEP we asked for a delay while we pursued an unsuccessful DIDP request, trying to get documentation to assist in the CEP and IRP. Transparency reform such as inspection rights are key to making our accountability efforts work in practice.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">We had two problems with the IRP: 1) cost and 2) standing. The revised IRP backed by potential statutory membership rights should address these concerns. I hope.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Best,</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Ed<br class=""><br class="">Sent from my iPhone</div><div class=""><br class="">On Jun 23, 2015, at 2:53 PM, Chris Disspain <<a href="mailto:ceo@auda.org.au" class="">ceo@auda.org.au</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">Hi Edward,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">How would the accountability mechanisms we are discussing assist you in this example?<br class=""><div class=""><p class="p1"><br class=""></p><p class="p1"><br class=""></p><p class="p2">Cheers,</p><p class="p3"><br class=""></p><p class="p2">Chris</p>
</div>
<br class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 24 Jun 2015, at 03:37 , Edward Morris <<a href="mailto:egmorris1@toast.net" class="">egmorris1@toast.net</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Becky,</div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">I can add a real life example to support your view. When we hit a brick wall on TM50, which involved allegations of multiple Bylaws violations, I informally asked the AG's office whether they would be willing to investigate and litigate on our behalf. Although willing to investigate it was clear that even if our allegations were found to be true they did not rise to the level that would prompt AG involvement. We clearly need something more.</div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Best,</div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Ed<br class=""><br class="">Sent from my iPhone</div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class="">On Jun 23, 2015, at 1:04 PM, Burr, Becky <<a href="mailto:Becky.Burr@neustar.biz" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">Becky.Burr@neustar.biz</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class="">The authority of the AG to step in may be broader, but as a practical matter, it is my impression that this authority is usually used to address corruption and other various actions that are – or resemble – criminal behavior. I don’t think it is a meaningful source of enforcement for the issues that we are worried about.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">J. Beckwith Burr<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(6, 134, 88);" class="">Neustar, Inc. /</span></b><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> Deputy General Counsel and Chief Privacy Officer<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">1775 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(6, 134, 88);" class="">Office</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">: + 1.202.533.2932 <span style="color: rgb(6, 134, 88);" class=""> Mobile</span>: +1.202.352.6367 <span style="color: rgb(6, 134, 88);" class="">/ <a href="mailto:becky.burr@neustar.biz" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">becky.burr@neustar.biz</a> /<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://www.neustar.biz/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">www.neustar.biz</a></span></span></div></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><span id="OLK_SRC_BODY_SECTION" class=""><div style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left; border-width: 1pt medium medium; border-style: solid none none; padding: 3pt 0in 0in; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223);" class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="">From:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><Drazek>, Keith Drazek <<a href="mailto:kdrazek@verisign.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">kdrazek@verisign.com</a>><br class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="">Date:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Tuesday, June 23, 2015 at 10:36 AM<br class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="">To:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Keith Drazek <<a href="mailto:kdrazek@verisign.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">kdrazek@verisign.com</a>>, "Rosemary E. Fei" <<a href="mailto:rfei@adlercolvin.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">rfei@adlercolvin.com</a>>, Accountability Community <<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>><br class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="">Subject:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Re: [CCWG-ACCT] FW: Townhall meeting follow-up<br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" class=""><div lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple" class=""><div class="WordSection1" style="page: WordSection1;"><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">To clarify….when I say “the public,” I include the ICANN community if the ICANN community did not have standing of its own.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Drazek, Keith<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, June 23, 2015 10:00 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Rosemary E. Fei; Accountability Cross Community (<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>)<br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [CCWG-ACCT] FW: Townhall meeting follow-up<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Thanks very much, Rosemary.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">A follow-up question: How and when would the California state attorney general decide to engage? Is there a way for the public to trigger an action or investigation?<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Thanks,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Keith<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Rosemary E. Fei<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, June 23, 2015 9:37 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Accountability Cross Community (<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>)<br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[CCWG-ACCT] FW: Townhall meeting follow-up<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">I would add that state attorneys general are generally empowered to enforce against directors violations of the bylaws that breach their fiduciary duties or cause the corporation to use its assets outside its charitable purposes. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">I would also add that if bylaws violate the corporate law or the corporation’s own Articles of Incorporation, the board’s duty is to follow the statute or the Articles, not the bylaws.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class="">Rosemary<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Holly Gregory<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, June 23, 2015 4:19 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Chris Disspain; Malcolm Hutty<br class=""><b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [CCWG-ACCT] Townhall meeting follow-up<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><p class="08896adb-c2fb-4148-844c-9246cce7fcdc" style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Chris, that is an accurate clarification. <br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class="">Sent with Good (<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.good.com&d=AwMGaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=5REu8DLqGEuhW1x3ub1_95re1LtPPdA8HkKxkEJVmTc&s=nuIbEWdRk5jCePJy5XTYTm-xrUFT86FwSGSUtPV8YNA&e=" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">www.good.com</a>)<strong class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></strong></p><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></b><o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: center;"><hr size="3" width="100%" align="center" class=""></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>on behalf of Chris Disspain<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, June 23, 2015 06:14:45 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Malcolm Hutty<br class=""><b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [CCWG-ACCT] Townhall meeting follow-up</span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">Malcolm,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div></div><div class=""><blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">We have been told that the Board of an<br class="">organisation with no members has a fiduciary duty to the company that<br class="">takes precedence over the Bylaws: if the Board decides that it is in the<br class="">best interests of the corporation to defy the bylaws, then defying them<br class="">is their legal duty.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></blockquote><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">With respect I think that is too simplistic a statement to describe what is a more complicated situation. One of the 3 legs of fiduciary duty of charitable corporation like ICANN is the duty of obedience. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">The duty of obedience is the duty to remain faithful to and pursue the goals of the organization. In practice, the duty of obedience requires the decision maker to follow the governing documents of the organisation and laws applicable to the organisation. Bylaws are governing documents. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">It would be correct to say that where there are no members or designators there is a challenge in enforcing where the </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class="">Board does NOT follow but it is incorrect to say that the Board can legally ignore its by-laws.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(148, 67, 251);" class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">Cheers,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(148, 67, 251);" class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(148, 67, 251);" class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">Chris<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">On 23 Jun 2015, at 20:01 , Farzanh <<a href="mailto:farzaneh.badii@gmail.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">farzaneh.badii@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">Thanks Malcolm, I can't agree more ! I have been battling with serious existentialist questions since there has been a shift to a soft approach to accountability. We certainly need to emphasize how the new model can give us effective and enforceable mechanisms! enforcement mechanisms can also be deterrent mechanism ! The farther we r from enforcement mechanisms the less deterred are the decision makers to make decisions against the community wishes !<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">On Jun 22, 2015, at 6:43 PM, Malcolm Hutty <<a href="mailto:malcolm@linx.net" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">malcolm@linx.net</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">On 22/06/2015 17:52, Seun Ojedeji wrote:<br class="">- Enforceability solutions other than membership:<br class="">Considering the complications relating to the various membership models<br class="">that has been suggested, there is obvious need to consider what is<br class="">achievable within the current structure and i think everything is<br class="">achievable except enforceability.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><br class="">I completely agree with David McAuley's reply on this point.<br class=""><br class="">Unfortunately, if you achieve "everything except enforceability", you<br class="">achieve nothing more than a clarification of your request. You do not<br class="">achieve accountability, only a clear statement of what you would like<br class="">ICANN to do. The decision rests elsewhere.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class="">So it seem to me that we will already have some enforceability without<br class="">actually requiring membership since an organisation board is required to<br class="">obey/comply with its bylaw. So if the bylaw says; before you can do xyz,<br class="">it needs to go through abc process, why would the board not follow/obey<br class="">those direction as defined in the bylaw?<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" class=""><br class="">There are many reasons why things go wrong in this world. But I do not<br class="">want to suggest anything you may find fanciful or improbable or, worse,<br class="">that could be interpreted as attacking our honourable current Board members.<br class=""><br class="">So for now, let's just say that the Board might believe they were<br class="">following the bylaws even if they were not. It is possible to err.<br class=""><br class="">Beyond that though, is the problem Becky identified earlier: it seems<br class="">you are mistaken when you say that an organisation's board is required<br class="">to obey/comply with its bylaws. We have been told that the Board of an<br class="">organisation with no members has a fiduciary duty to the company that<br class="">takes precedence over the Bylaws: if the Board decides that it is in the<br class="">best interests of the corporation to defy the bylaws, then defying them<br class="">is their legal duty. Only by creating a membership (whether through<br class="">Empowered SOs, UAs, Open Membership, or some other approach) can we<br class="">raise up the bylaws to something the Board must honour in the way you<br class="">assume they already must.<br class=""><br class="">Incidentally, I don't blame you at all for not realising this: I didn't<br class="">either, and was quite surprised to be told it. But the legal advice<br class="">being what it is, we must act accordingly.<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">--<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class=""> Malcolm Hutty | tel: +44 20 7645 3523<br class=""> Head of Public Affairs | Read the LINX Public Affairs blog<br class="">London Internet Exchange |<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__publicaffairs.linx.net_&d=AwMFAg&c=Od00qP2XTg0tXf_H69-T2w&r=1-1w8mU_eFprE2Nn9QnYf01XIV88MOwkXwHYEbF2Y_8&m=FK7b8kVkEMK2_MPHl9hkBB7An6cxn_MT87wTkCBHb7A&s=HKkuAJD_EoWIurwvGKRqFN2KzTLHIgIiahmB-XGCSkE&e=" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">http://publicaffairs.linx.net/</a><br class=""><br class=""> London Internet Exchange Ltd<br class=""> 21-27 St Thomas Street, London SE1 9RY<br class=""><br class=""> Company Registered in England No. 3137929<br class=""> Trinity Court, Trinity Street, Peterborough PE1 1DA<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">Accountability-Cross-Community mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Accountability-Cross-Community@icann.org" style="color: purple; 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