<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Nigel,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">A California unincorporated association is a limited liability vehicle, as it is in certain other jurisdictions.  If we were to go down the route of have SO/ACs be/create/empower (three different options) a legal entity, one would expect a choice to be made that would shield SO/ACs and their members from unlimited legal liability (and there are a variety of options to do so).  While this should be implicit by now in this discussion, since it has been explicitly discussed in the past, I&#39;m glad for the opportunity to make it explicit once again.  Suggesting someone cross the street is not equivalent to telling them to walk into traffic.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Greg</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Jul 9, 2015 at 9:40 AM, Nigel Roberts <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:nigel@channelisles.net" target="_blank">nigel@channelisles.net</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Greg, all<br>
<br>
I have a deadly serious question.<br>
<br>
Why would any Member of an SO voluntarily submit to the danger of unlimited monetary liability?<br>
<br>
So why is anyone even considering UA status for more than 10 seconds?<br>
<br>
<br>
Nigel<br>
<br>
See <a href="http://www.scvo.org.uk/setting-up-a-charity/decide-on-a-structure/voluntary-or-unincorporated-association/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.scvo.org.uk/setting-up-a-charity/decide-on-a-structure/voluntary-or-unincorporated-association/</a><span class=""><br>
<br>
<br>
On 09/07/15 14:35, Seun Ojedeji wrote:<br>
</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class="">
On Thu, Jul 9, 2015 at 1:34 PM, Greg Shatan &lt;<a href="mailto:gregshatanipc@gmail.com" target="_blank">gregshatanipc@gmail.com</a><br></span><div><div class="h5">
&lt;mailto:<a href="mailto:gregshatanipc@gmail.com" target="_blank">gregshatanipc@gmail.com</a>&gt;&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
    Seun,<br>
<br>
    Can you point where this understanding and learning comes from? I<br>
    don&#39;t think any of this is correct, unless you are referring to a<br>
    &quot;council&quot; where each SO/AC is a statutory member of the corporation.<br>
<br>
<br>
Yes indeed thats what i was referring to<br>
<br>
    This is not the case in the &quot;single member model,&quot; where there is<br>
    only one statutory member.<br>
<br>
<br>
Okay thanks for clarifying that for me. So if i get this correctly; does<br>
it mean one of the SO/AC will be a member and then every other SO and AC<br>
exercise their powers through that single member?. Specifically which of<br>
the SO/AC will be member in the single member model?<br>
<br>
However if one of the SO/AC won&#39;t have to become a member but the entire<br>
council becoming a UA to fulfill membership requirement, how will that<br>
address some SO/AC not wanting to enter into such legal formality? also<br>
how will accountability of the council be ensured as it could then mean<br>
creating a mini-ICANN board as the council members would have the voting<br>
rights, independence et all. Perhaps the council can be limited by its<br>
governing document, but how will removing council members for instance<br>
be in effect if the populating source(SO/AC) is not a UA.<br>
<br>
Perhaps its not as complicated as i am imagining it so it will be good<br>
to hear some clarifications.<br>
<br>
Regards<br>
<br>
<br>
    Greg<br>
<br>
    On Thursday, July 9, 2015, Seun Ojedeji &lt;<a href="mailto:seun.ojedeji@gmail.com" target="_blank">seun.ojedeji@gmail.com</a><br></div></div><div><div class="h5">
    &lt;mailto:<a href="mailto:seun.ojedeji@gmail.com" target="_blank">seun.ojedeji@gmail.com</a>&gt;&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
        I understand the powers would be bestowed on the council<br>
        individuals and not their source position;<br>
<br>
        For instance one of the option is to populate the community<br>
        council with leaders of SO/AC, which IMO would be the cheapest<br>
        route in this model so they would be occupying a virtual seat<br>
        and exercise those powers when required. It would also allow the<br>
        various SO/AC internet accountability mechanisms apply to<br>
        council including removal of members.<br>
<br>
        However, I then learnt that the council cannot be formed by<br>
        SO/AC leader positions but rather to the occupants of that<br>
        position. This would mean having to rewrite the bylaw/document<br>
        forming the council often since leaders of those positions are<br>
        dynamic and could change at anytime. Will be good to know if<br>
        that is no longer the case<br>
<br>
        Regards<br>
        Sent from Google nexus 4<br>
        kindly excuse brevity and typos.<br>
<br>
        On 7 Jul 2015 2:56 pm, &quot;Roelof Meijer&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:Roelof.Meijer@sidn.nl" target="_blank">Roelof.Meijer@sidn.nl</a>&gt;<br>
        wrote:<br>
<br>
            Interesting, we’re back on the subject of a single member<br>
            structure. It was written off before<br>
<br>
            Cheers,<br>
<br>
            Roelof<br>
<br>
            From: &lt;<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank">accountability-cross-community-bounces@icann.org</a>&gt; on<br>
            behalf of Roelof Meijer &lt;<a href="mailto:roelof.meijer@sidn.nl" target="_blank">roelof.meijer@sidn.nl</a>&gt;<br>
            Date: woensdag 22 april 2015 15:56<br>
            To: &quot;<a href="mailto:avri@acm.org" target="_blank">avri@acm.org</a>&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:avri@acm.org" target="_blank">avri@acm.org</a>&gt;,<br>
            &quot;<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" target="_blank">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>&quot;<br>
            &lt;<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" target="_blank">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>&gt;<br>
            Subject: Re: [CCWG-ACCT] member organization and single<br>
            membership structure<br>
<br>
            Hi Avri,<br>
<br>
            The sole membership construction, is a possibility described<br>
            in the legal document in several places: the comments by the<br>
            legal experts on the PCCWG mechanism template (page 64) and<br>
            the Community Council mechanism template (page 69). I<br>
            sent several emails about it to the WP1 list, suggesting to<br>
            look in the possibility as indeed it would not necessitate<br>
            every SO and AC to become a legal entity. And, as you do,<br>
            suggesting: &quot;make the „Community Council” the sole member of<br>
            ICANN (and thus a formal legal entity), consisting of either<br>
            the SO and AC chairs or SO/AC elected representatives” (from<br>
            an email of 14 April).<br>
<br>
            And I would think it would enable the SO’s and AC’s<br>
            themselves to continue appointing directors, as they do now.<br>
            But that’s just guessing, based on the fact that the SO’s<br>
            and AC’s themselves would not change status<br>
<br>
            Best,<br>
<br>
            Roelof<br>
<br>
            From: Avri Doria &lt;<a href="mailto:avri@acm.org" target="_blank">avri@acm.org</a>&gt;<br>
            Organization: Technicalities<br>
            Reply-To: &quot;<a href="mailto:avri@acm.org" target="_blank">avri@acm.org</a>&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:avri@acm.org" target="_blank">avri@acm.org</a>&gt;<br>
            Date: woensdag 22 april 2015 15:09<br>
            To: &quot;<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" target="_blank">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>&quot;<br>
            &lt;<a href="mailto:accountability-cross-community@icann.org" target="_blank">accountability-cross-community@icann.org</a>&gt;<br>
            Subject: Re: [CCWG-ACCT] member organization and single<br>
            membership structure<br>
<br>
            Hi,<br>
<br>
            On 22-Apr-15 08:26, Roelof Meijer wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
            2)<br>
            What I find quite frustrating is that I have raised the<br>
            point of the possibility (or not) of a single membership<br>
            structure – an option mentioned by Sidley and Adler &amp;<br>
            Colving in their legal advice – several times by now<br>
            without getting any substantial reaction. I am not aware<br>
            that any serious effort to investigate this has led to a<br>
            formal write-off.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
            In some way that might lessen the complexity of making most<br>
            SOAC an individual legal entity.<br>
<br>
            How would it work?  Would we continue to appoint Directors<br>
            just as we do now?<br>
<br>
            Or would there need to be some sort of Members Council that<br>
            took actions, working simliarly to the the executive board<br>
            or community council idea?<br>
<br>
            thanks<br>
<br>
            avri<br>
<br>
<br>
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------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br></span>
    /Seun Ojedeji,<span class=""><br>
    Federal University Oye-Ekiti<br>
    web: <a href="http://www.fuoye.edu.ng" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.fuoye.edu.ng</a><br>
    Mobile: <a href="tel:%2B2348035233535" value="+2348035233535" target="_blank">+2348035233535</a><br></span>
    //alt email:&lt;<a href="http://goog_1872880453" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://goog_1872880453</a>&gt;<a href="mailto:seun.ojedeji@fuoye.edu.ng" target="_blank">seun.ojedeji@fuoye.edu.ng</a><br>
    &lt;mailto:<a href="mailto:seun.ojedeji@fuoye.edu.ng" target="_blank">seun.ojedeji@fuoye.edu.ng</a>&gt;/<span class=""><br>
<br>
        The key to understanding is humility - my view !<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br></span><span class="">
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