<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Chris,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Not all of them and not entirely in the same definitive fashion. This has been covered in the lawyers' memos and other work we have done.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Geg</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jul 17, 2015 at 4:52 AM, Chris Disspain <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ceo@auda.org.au" target="_blank">ceo@auda.org.au</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div style="word-wrap:break-word"><span style="font-family:'Verdana';font-size:13px;color:rgb(102,102,102)">But Greg, is it not correct that the same powers can be placed in the hands of the community with the empowered designator model?<br><div>
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<p>Cheers,</p>
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<p>Chris</p>
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<br><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On 17 Jul 2015, at 18:47 , Greg Shatan <<a href="mailto:gregshatanipc@gmail.com" target="_blank">gregshatanipc@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br><div><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Bruce,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">I think you are misinterpreting the reason(s) for the creation of a formal member (or members). It is not primarily to take ICANN to court, and it is not primarily to have legal enforcement powers. The reason is far more fundamental than that. Speaking from a US law perspective (though I believe this to be more widespread), Members have a legally distinct role in a nonprofit corporation, particularly with regard to authority and decision-making vis a vis the Board. It really goes to the ability to have the powers that the CCWG is seeking to place in the hands of the community, and to have these powers as a matter of right. Members must be legal persons. This legal personhood also gives members the capacity to go to court; but that is hardly the <i>reason</i> for a member or members to be created.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Given the powers that a member of a non-profit corporation has, putting these powers in the hands of an independent person, without control by or accountability to the SO/ACs or the community as a whole, seems inappropriate and raises great concerns.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Greg</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jul 17, 2015 at 4:03 AM, Bruce Tonkin <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:Bruce.Tonkin@melbourneit.com.au" target="_blank">Bruce.Tonkin@melbourneit.com.au</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<div><p class="MsoNormal">Hello All,<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">[Disclaimer: the following is a personal view, and not the view of the Board or any other Board member).<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">During the discussion today on the three models – Empowered SO/AC membership model, Empowered SO/AC Designator Model, Community Mechanism as sole member model.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">I noted that one of the ideas we used in the new gTLD program was the concept of an “Independent Objector”. The independent objector does not act on behalf of any particular person or entities but acts solely in the best interests of
the public.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">From my perspective the bylaws should “empower” the community as have been proposed by the CCWG.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">My intervention is purely about an enforcement last resort.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">The group is considering using a panel of independent people (IRP panel) to determine whether the Board has followed the bylaws. The group is also considering making the decisions of this panel to be binding.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">I have heard there is a concern that the Board may not follow the result of an IRP. Thus the proposal is some form of formal member would then be able to take ICANN to court meet its bylaws requirements around the IRP. There are lots
of discussions about how to somehow turn the SO/ACs into members to be able to have legal enforcement powers.<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">My suggestion was simply to create another form of “independent” person that would have legal standing and would be a member. That independent person could then take legal action against ICANN if it didn’t follow the decision of the
IRP where it is clearly not in the global public interest. The independent person would be able to take submissions from the SOs and ACs and any member of the public in making their decision. It is not dependent on simply those that are members of an SO
and AC being able to get their SO/AC to take action through one of the proposed models, but could take into account any member of the public (including ccTLD managers that are not members of the ccNSO).<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">Regards,<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">Bruce Tonkin<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">(personal comment)<u></u><u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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