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I also think these discussions are becoming more realistic - thank you Kristine for your time and effort to put forward some examples to explore, I find these useful. What is noticeable for the .heart example (and to some extent the .dashboard) is that the
purpose of the TLD is not in itself seeking to generate revenues from domain names but carefully use the DNS infrastructure in a controllable manner that becomes a simple component of an innovative service.
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<div class="">Other examples could relate to supply chain management, such as the automative industry, whereby traceability is important for acquiring components with the correct specifications, especially for safety reasons. Other purposes could relate to
providing safe and secure software updates to vehicles. Keeping on the theme of transport - rail networks, metro systems, airlines, etc, may find different innovative ways to use the DNS where strict control from the root is required by using a closed generic
TLD. These examples could relate to non-profits and for-profits, but the primary purpose of the TLD is not selling domains, they just form part of the operation/service by design, but with greater security and control.</div>
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<div class="">I think Elaine raised a question about why do generic terms need to be used - which I read as “it may be ok to have closed generics but why do they need to specifically use a generic/popular term as the TLD string” - please correct me if I am
wrong. But this may be a good point to consider, so for .heart, why does the applicant have to use that string versus “.ILMP” (short for - I Love My Pacemaker!). Interesting to know if folks would view an application differently for a closed generic if the
string itself was not typically associated with a generic word.</div>
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<div class="">Kind regards,</div>
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<div class="">Martin</div>
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<div class="">On 28 Feb 2020, at 09:44, McGrady, Paul D. <<a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</a>> wrote:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">I agree. The way forward here is to think about how new this category of gTLDs can be used for innovation and then brainstorm fixes for any perceived problems – not reverting to
the old yes/no dichotomy and/or impose a “public interest” standard. Those old ways of thinking didn’t result in the innovation from the last round that ICANN needs to show the world and they won’t work in the next try either. I’m very excited that we are
finally talking about ideas and not just reiterating entrenched position. Let’s keep going!<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Best,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Paul<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On
Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Dorrain, Kristine via Gnso-newgtld-wg<br class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, February 26, 2020 8:51 PM<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:alexander@schubert.berlin" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">alexander@schubert.berlin</a>;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Closed generics proposal<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">All, I’d like to respectfully request that when we discuss the proposals, we work through the issues I presented below without any preconceived solutions like “all TLDs must be in the public interest.” I’d like
to try to understand folks’ objections to my ideas for how we can allow innovation and technological advancement and to see if my proposals can be modified to resolve those concerns (I suggest a few ideas below). I’ve approached this with an open mind and
I would ask that you all do the same. In Phil’s scenario below, I don’t understand why the members of the British Heart Foundation want a .heart domain? Presumably they have a domain. Presumably they could get a .BRAND if they didn’t like their .com or .uk
domain. The radical idea that I’m asking you to consider is that ITS NOT ABOUT THE DOMAIN NAME – it’s about the technology and the ideas. <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Marc is right<b class="">. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>The Board was hoping the last round would spark innovation, but we tied everyone’s hands before the round began. Let’s figure out how
to give the Board what they want here.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Kristine<b class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On
Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Alexander Schubert<br class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, February 26, 2020 6:31 PM<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Closed generics proposal<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Phil,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">As long as the applicant for an exclusive access gTLD ‘.heart’ can prove that a closed operation of ‘.heart’ is in the interest of the public: we are fine. Your example of the BRITISH association – only allowing
THEIR members to register: that’s a rather smallish subset of the global, English speaking population. Hard to imagine how the public interest is being served in such case.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">If you want to restrict registrations to a profession: you don’t have to run it as an exclusive access gTLD: It can be a restricted gTLD – and you can still allow for free registrations through a white label.
See .bank: very restricted – but open to all banks. Which is in the public interest.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Thanks,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Alexander<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div>
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<b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Phil Buckingham [<a href="mailto:phil@dotadvice.co.uk" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:phil@dotadvice.co.uk</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Mittwoch, 26. Februar 2020 20:46<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:alexander@schubert.berlin" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">alexander@schubert.berlin</a><br class="">
<b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Closed generics proposal<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
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Hi Kristine, Alexander, <span style="font-size: 12pt;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
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Some great ideas . Ultimately Round 2 is about applicants showing innovation in their TLD application to further enhance competition, consumer choice and consumer trust and ultimately breakdown the Com monopoly. <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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At the end of the day , every application will either be open ( ie selling through an ICANN accredited registrar ) or closed. <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Re . heart Heart is clearly a genetic dictionary term. <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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However I can’t see what the problem is and why the (say) British Heart Foundation can’t apply for .heart . They would administer , control the ( free)registration of a second level.heart ( through its one vertically integrated registrar) to all its members
. Let call it Daas ( domains as a service) . <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Mike, Marc, & all the lawyers - what is the problem here , if any ? <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Thanks <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Phil <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Phil Buckingham <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Sent from my iPhone<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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On 26 Feb 2020, at 21:17, Alexander Schubert <<a href="mailto:alexander@schubert.berlin" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">alexander@schubert.berlin</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></p>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">In my mind:</span><o:p class=""></o:p></p>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">If you need to take public land (category defining generic keyword based gTLDs); have a clear, defined plan that serves the public interest. Or open the gTLD up to the general public. Otherwise do your closed-gTLD
trials in the third level of an established gTLD first; when you are ready to rumble: upgrade to top-level. In the third level you have all the “control” in the world.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
<br class="">
I think it would be very hard to successfully prove why one heart monitor company needs to claim the entire .heart namespace. What is the public interest here?</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">But this brings up an interesting question:</span><o:p class=""></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol;" class=""><span class="">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">It
seems that exclusive access registry models for generic term based gTLDs would demand to prove a “public benefit claim”. “Generic keyword based term” meaning: dictionary terms.</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;" class="">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;" class=""><span class="">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">It
also seems that the operation of an exclusive access registry via Spec 13 designation places a lot of limits on such registry (Twitter or Snap wouldn’t be able to have their users completely controlling “their” domains as far as I understand the Spec 13 restrictions)</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol;" class=""><span class="">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">What
about permitting the operation of “exclusive access” registries – if they do not use a generic dictionary term? In the example of the heart monitoring company: “.pulz”. It’s not a “generic keyword based term”.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Thanks,</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Alexander</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg [<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>]<b class="">On
Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Dorrain, Kristine via Gnso-newgtld-wg<br class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Mittwoch, 26. Februar 2020 15:14<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Gnso-newgtld-wg] Closed generics proposal<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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All,<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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As promised on last week’s call, I offer a proposal for what we’re calling “closed generics.”<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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I wanted to turn the attention away from the binary question of “closed generics” or “no closed generics” and think about why some ROs may have applied for closed generics. If we can solve for these problems (e.g. create processes that solve for folks’ concerns
AND allow applicants to innovate), my guess is, the fight will fade. The examples are not based on real stories but are illustrative; other use cases could be imagined if we move away from only thinking of domain names as the end product/commodity. We should
encourage next round applicants to innovate and explore ideas – we didn’t get the Tesla by forcing everyone to build a Model T, the Model T was a starting point to improve upon. <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
Applicant offers a product or service for which unique URLs are part of the product. Controlling the namespace is part of the critical safety and infrastructure. <o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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Example: .heart<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
Use: applicant develops a new pacemaker that stays in contact with the doctor, the pacemaker, an app on the patient’s phone, and an online dashboard page that certain necessary folks have access to. <o:p class=""></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
Why should this TLD be single-user?<o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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<span class=""><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>i.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>The
RO has to undergo extensive security and privacy testing – by controlling the entire space (including being its own Registrar), the applicant can guard against phishing, malware, hijacking, etc. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span class=""><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>ii.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>The
domain name is not sold to the end-user. It’s the way the devices and dashboards communicate. It does not need a retail chain or any Rr markup or fees for the applicant to create the names it needs to run its product. The domain is just an easy handle for
mobile and desktop access to the dashboard. It performs a function and is not a consumer product or service itself.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Some of you will argue that ALL medical device manufacturers should then have access to .heart, but that’s unrealistic since the medical device company that controls .heart will own all of the security and no other medical device company would be willing to
trust their competitors with their data and security. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Some of you will ask:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<span class="">a.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>“Why
not just make it a .brand”? For a registry that is working on a standard for communication and security in this space, they will want it to be more “open” versus branded. That doesn’t mean just anyone can obtain. The registry may need flexibility to monitor
across a number of entities. Also, startups may not have a brand yet, or part of the new product/service may be creating a new brand.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;" class="">
<span class="">b.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>“But
why not a community? Because some startups may be trying to disrupt an entrenched industry and you may not be able to get the large industry trade associations to back you and instead try to prevent change or innovation, as we saw in the last round. We want
to encourage innovation and new models. We don’t want to be ourselves an entrenched industry that is unwilling to embrace change.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Applicant startup is considering a new service that, when combined with a domain name, offers a new and unique benefit to the customer (a private sandbox, a unique dashboard, a control center for a device, whatever). It’s possible that when this idea comes
to fruition, the end user will need/want to own or control the domain name, but since the end user is not using the domain name to put up a site, but instead to interact with the service, this is unlikely. Having to own and manage a domain name will be clutter
in the customer’s life—they want the service. <o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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Example: .dashboard<o:p class=""></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">
Assume there is no need/desire for the customer to deal with “owning” the domain name. The current ban on closed generics means that we’re forcing the customer to register and manage a domain name that they don’t want in order to obtain the service or device.<o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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<span class=""><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>i.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>Suggestion:
create an option for an RO to decide domains in its TLD will be part of a bigger product or service and so long as the domain is bundled, the TLD can be owned and operated by the RO.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Assume the applicant may want to transfer ownership to the end user later. RO needs to alpha- and beta-test this idea before it launches – it really doesn’t even know what the final registration policies will be because it hasn’t decided its model yet. It
needs customers and feedback. RO only has 100 “free” domains to work with and once you use them they’re gone. This is not enough for a good beta test.<o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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<span class=""><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>i.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>Suggestion:
make it easier for an Approved Launch Program or a new (TBD) Beta Program to include a multi-year beta.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1.5in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -1.5in;" class="">
<span class=""><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>ii.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>Suggestion:
include some guardrails or “PIC” language to ensure that when the idea is launched to customers, Spec 9 will apply at that point.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Applicant has cool ideas but needs time to test (similar to 2(c), above, but in a more traditional model). It wants to eventually offer names to customers for sale but needs to be able to break things and try things – pre-RSEP, pre-full registrant access.
How can a registry experiment and figure out what works for their customers – the registrant – if the rules say they have to just open up. What happens if, upon opening, they realize the TLD rules need to be modified? Allowing models to be “closed” and test
for some time will lead to more experimentation and new models in the long-run. <o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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Suggestion: One set of guardrails could be a set number of test names that don’t count against the RO 100, or a specific “test phase.” <o:p class=""></o:p></li></ol>
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As we can see, there is little point in assuming why ROs applied for closed generics - there were very likely business cases and innovative ideas behind the last round applications. These scenarios demonstrate that it is not difficult to imagine business
cases that could benefit from innovation – nor is it difficult to fashion solutions to address concerns that some may have about using TLDs in this way. Instead of being stuck in the binary yes/no deliberations of 8 years ago and failing to meet the Board’s
expectation that we will come back to them with a sensible policy recommendation, let’s instead build the guardrails that will allow innovation to proceed.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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Thanks,<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">
Kristine Dorrain<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
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