<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div>While the legal discussion is interesting, and please keep it going, I need to comment that the discussion of closed generics is not much if they are legal or not, but if they are helpful or not for the domain identifiers system. <div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">It's also not about the existence of a possible helpful use case, but whether those possibly useful ones outweighs the risks of the bad ones. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Rubens</div><div class=""><br class=""><div class=""><br class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 8 Jul 2020, at 15:37, Marc Trachtenberg via Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="WordSection1" style="page: WordSection1; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><a name="_MailEndCompose" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">Ann,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></a></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">While it is true that the registry (technically through registrars) would be selling multiple second level domain name registrations to thousands of different business sources of goods and services, the critical aspect is that<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class=""><u class="">every one of those second level domains would emanate from a single source – the registry. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></u></b>There is no other place to get a second level in the “generic” TLD except from the registry. And the registry can have quality control on each of the domains in the form of registration and/or use requirements. A trademark is a source indicator and in this context, the fact that second level sits atop the “generic” TLD indicates that it emanates from a single source the registry. And it doesn’t matter if the consuming public knows who the registry operator is. Trademark law is clear that the trademark must simply communicate that the good or service emanates from a single source, not identify the specific source. Accordingly, in that sense the “generic” TLD is not generic at all and is like<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://booking.com/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">booking.com</a>. The businesses using the second level might be using the second level in connection with their business but that does not take away from the potential source indicating function of the TLD in the same way that if Burger King uses Sony TVs to display its branded BK menu it does not take away from the source indicating function of the SONY mark on the TV.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">Best regards,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></span></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 51, 89);" class="">Marc H. Trachtenberg</span></b></span><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class=""><br class="">Shareholder<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><br class=""></span></span><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class="">Greenberg Traurig, LLP | 77 West Wacker Drive | Suite 3100 | Chicago, IL 60601<br class="">Tel 312.456.1020<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class="">Mobile 773.677.3305<o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""></span><a href="mailto:trac@gtlaw.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class="">trac@gtlaw.com</span></span><span class=""></span></a><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>|<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><a href="http://www.gtlaw.com/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 51, 89);" class="">www.gtlaw.com</span></span><span class=""></span></a><span class=""><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><span id="cid:image001.jpg@01D6552B.D0CDC7F0"><image001.jpg></span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></span></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></span></div><span class=""></span><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg [<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Aikman-Scalese, Anne<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, July 8, 2020 11:59 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>McGrady, Paul D. <<a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</a>>;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:alexander@schubert.berlin" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">alexander@schubert.berlin</a>;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://booking.com/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">BOOKING.COM</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(14, 14, 63);" class="">*EXTERNAL TO GT*</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Paul,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Your reference to the <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> ruling as something that “shreds the notion that generic terms somehow cause competitive harm” is surprising to me.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">The US Supreme Court Ruling concluded, based on evidence below, that <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> was NOT generic. It’s a secondary meaning case in which the evidence below clearly demonstrated that the consuming public associates the <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> site with a SINGLE SOURCE indicator of certain services and related reputation in the marketplace. In so holding, the court rejected the USPTO practice of always denying registration to a generic term in combination with .com. Putting aside the question of having US law on secondary meaning govern ICANN policy, I don’t quite understand why you maintain that a generic TLD with multiple second level domain registrations could somehow become a “single source” indicator of quality and service. In other words, <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> is a particular source of booking services that provides certain guarantees, payment policies, reputation for quality etc. on which consumers rely.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Since you make references to a “pre-trademark”, you seem to be saying that a closed generic TLD could eventually operate as a trademark for a “single source” indicator after acquiring secondary meaning in the marketplace, even though the registry would be selling multiple second level domain name registrations to thousands of different business sources of goods and services. Could you please elaborate on your reasoning? Is this about full quality control by the Registry of goods and services being offered under a particular Closed Generic TLD and is that the basis of your argument for the Public Interest being served?<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">For those who may not have time to read the full decision, I have tried to pull out the “nut” of the basis for the holding in the text pasted below. It’s definitely a secondary meaning case and the ruling was that <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> is NOT generic but is rather a source-indicating trademark via acquired distinctiveness. The Supreme Court affirmed the 4th Circuit and the lower federal district court findings in this regard. The text describing those findings is pasted below.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Anne<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; line-height: 13.3pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Century Schoolbook", serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 11pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">“Relying in significant part on <a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>’s new evidence of consumer perception, the District Court concluded that “<a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>”—unlike “booking”—is not generic. The “consuming public,” the court found, “primarily understands that <a href="http://BOOKING.COM" class="">BOOKING.COM</a> does not refer to a genus, rather it is descriptive of services involving ‘booking’ available at that domain name.”<i class=""><a href="http://Book-ing.com" class="">Book-ing.com</a> B.V.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>v.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i class="">Matal</i>, 278 F. Supp. 3d 891, 918 (2017). Having determined that “<a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>” is descriptive, the District Court additionally found that the term has acquired secondary meaning as to hotel-reservation services. For those services, the District Court therefore concluded, <a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>’s marks meet the distinctiveness requirement for registration.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">The PTO appealed only the District Court’s determination that “<a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>” is not generic. Finding no error in the District Court’s assessment of how consumers perceived the term “<a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a>,” the Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit affirmed the court of first instance’s judgment. In so ruling, the appeals court rejected the PTO’s contention that the combination of “.com” with a generic term like “booking” “is<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i class="">necessarily<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>generic.” 915 F. 3d 171, 184 (2019).”</span><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>McGrady, Paul D.<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, July 8, 2020 6:31 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:alexander@schubert.berlin" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">alexander@schubert.berlin</a>;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds <a href="http://BOOKING.COM" class="">BOOKING.COM</a> Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><strong class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">[EXTERNAL]</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: center;"><hr size="2" width="100%" align="center" class=""></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Thanks Alexander. I am not making that argument and so won’t address your variant of an argument I’m not making. <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">The point of the <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> decision is that it shreds the arguments that <. + generic term> TLDs will somehow cause a competitive harm. Shreds.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Best,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Paul<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Alexander Schubert<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thursday, July 2, 2020 10:48 AM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds <a href="http://BOOKING.COM" class="">BOOKING.COM</a> Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Paul,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">I don’t understand: Are you arguing that because <a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a> won the right to deny third parties using the letter combination “<a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a>” in connotation with hotel booking services an applicant for a generic string based gTLD could deny public access to the new gTLD namespace?<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><br class="">Question:<br class="">In your opinion; if the domain registration for <a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a> would expire, could <a href="http://Booking.com" class="">Booking.com</a> deny the new registrant from offering hotel booking services on a website to which the domain routes – based on their “<a href="http://booking.com" class="">booking.com</a>” TM (once they have it)?<br class=""><br class="">Thanks,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">Alexander<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg [<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>McGrady, Paul D.<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Donnerstag, 2. Juli 2020 18:13<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Justine Chew <<a href="mailto:justine.chew@gmail.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">justine.chew@gmail.com</a>>; Rubens Kuhl <<a href="mailto:rubensk@nic.br" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">rubensk@nic.br</a>><br class=""><b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds <a href="http://BOOKING.COM" class="">BOOKING.COM</a> Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Thanks Justine. Understood. And to be clear, SCOTUS doesn’t address our exact debate (although we are mentioned in the one-man dissent but in that dissent Justice Breyer specifically mentions how new gTLD registries are building brand awareness for their brands, e.g. .club – so again helpful to those who believe <.+generic term> TLDs should remain available as they were in the AGB2012 Guidebook), it just dispatched the fear-of-not-being-able-to-use-the-term argument upon which the <anti-.+ generic term> have built their case and generally takes a big swing at per se rules. Lucky timing, since it gives this WG another chance to actually make Policy as the Board asked us to do rather than just saying “we don’t know.” <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">I understand why those whose position is essentially vitiated by this SCOTUS decision want to push hard to get the topic removed from discussion now that this case it out. Even so, hopefully the Co-chairs will give this the time it was promised.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Best,<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class="">Paul<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Justine Chew <</span><a href="mailto:justine.chew@gmail.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">justine.chew@gmail.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, July 1, 2020 11:44 PM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Rubens Kuhl <</span><a href="mailto:rubensk@nic.br" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">rubensk@nic.br</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">>; McGrady, Paul D. <</span><a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">><br class=""><b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds <a href="http://BOOKING.COM" class="">BOOKING.COM</a> Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Paul, I wasn't suggesting we dismiss what SCOTUS said, but as we well know, there could be room to distinguish court decisions. But I will read the SCOTUS judgment, thanks to you.<br class=""><br class="">Rubens, sorry to not be helpful here - I don't know - but it's not inconceivable to me that a (supreme) court of a different jurisdiction may choose to hold a different view.<br clear="all" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><br class="">Kind regards,<br class=""><br class="">Justine<br class="">---<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">On Thu, 2 Jul 2020 at 11:53, Rubens Kuhl <<a href="mailto:rubensk@nic.br" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">rubensk@nic.br</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><blockquote style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 1pt; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0in 0in 0in 6pt; margin: 5pt 0in 5pt 4.8pt;" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Is there a position on generic trademarks in general from WIPO ? <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Rubens<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div class=""><div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">On 2 Jul 2020, at 00:05, Justine Chew <<a href="mailto:justine.chew@gmail.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">justine.chew@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Hi Paul, thanks for the pdf. <br class=""><br class="">I can't help but to wonder what might happen if a (supreme) court of another jurisdiction were to hold a different view. <br clear="all" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><br class="">Kind regards,<br class=""><br class="">Justine<br class="">---<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">On Thu, 2 Jul 2020 at 10:49, McGrady, Paul D. <<a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><blockquote style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 1pt; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0in 0in 0in 6pt; margin: 5pt 0in 5pt 4.8pt;" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Thanks Justine. I’ve attached a PDF for you. I’m not familiar with the contents of the other commentary article you mention, but I think the actual opinion by Ginsburg makes it clear that the per se rule is quite abolished at the USPTO. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">The Justice writes:<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0.05in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in; line-height: 13.2pt; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">“The PTO’s principal concern is that trademark protection for a term like “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">” would hinder competitors. But the PTO does not assert that others seeking to offer online hotel-reservation services need to call their services “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">.” Rather, the PTO fears that trademark protection for “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">” could exclude or inhibit competitors from using the term “booking” or adopting domain names like “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/ebooking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDDxlo9Go0$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">ebooking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">” or “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/hotel-booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDDcbI2aE4$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">hotel-booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">.” Brief for Petitioners 27–28. The PTO’s objection, therefore, is not to exclusive use of “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">” as a mark, but to undue control over similar language,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">i.e.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;" class="">, “booking,” that others should remain free to use.</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0.05in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in; line-height: 13.2pt; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">That concern attends any descriptive mark. Responsive to it, trademark law hems in the scope of such marks short of denying trademark protection altogether. Notably, a competitor’s use does not infringe a mark unless it is likely to confuse consumers. See §§1114(1), 1125(a)(1)(A); 4 McCarthy §23:1.50 (collecting state law). In assessing the likelihood of confusion, courts consider the mark’s distinctiveness: “The weaker a mark, the fewer are the junior uses that will trigger a likelihood of consumer confusion.” 2<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">, §11:76. When a mark incorporates generic or highly descriptive components, consumers are less likely to think that other uses of the common element emanate from the mark’s owner.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Ibid.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Similarly, “[i]n a ‘crowded’ field of look-alike marks” (</span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">e.g.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">, hotel names including the word “grand”), consumers “may have learned to carefully pick out” one mark from another.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">, §11:85. And even where some consumer confusion exists, the doctrine known as classic fair use, see<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">, §11:45, protects from liability anyone who uses a descriptive term, “fairly and in good faith” and “otherwise than as a mark,” merely to describe her own goods. 15 U. S. C. §1115(b)(4); see<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">KP Permanent Make-Up</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Inc.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">v.</span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Lasting Impression I</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">Inc.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;" class="">, 543 U. S. 111, 122–123 (2004).</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0.05in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in; line-height: 13.2pt; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">These doctrines guard against the anticompetitive effects the PTO identifies, ensuring that registration of “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">” would not yield its holder a monopoly on the term “booking.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>concedes that “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">” would be a “weak” mark. Tr. of Oral Arg. 66. See also<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">, at 42–43, 55. The mark is descriptive,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>recognizes, making it “harder . . . to show a likelihood of confusion.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">, at 43. Furthermore, because its mark is one of many “similarly worded marks,”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">accepts that close variations are unlikely to infringe.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">, at 66. And<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>acknowledges that federal registration of “</span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Booking.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">” would not prevent competitors from using the word “booking” to describe their own services.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i class=""><span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">Id.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11.5pt; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;" class="">, at 55.”</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">So, those against <.+ generic term> TLDs are going to have to find some other basis to argue that there will be some sort of harm. This leaves the opponents with (1) being against them because they didn’t apply but their competitors did; (2) they are a registrar that can’t make any money on them; (3) a bias against free speech; (4) a bias against nascent trademarks. None of these are nearly as noble sounding as the fear about competitive harm, but Ginsburg has nicely dispatched that fear. Sure would be nice if the Co-chairs would allow more time, as initially promised, so that we can develop some policy. This decision by SCOTUS is very instructive and we should take the time to understand it and build guardrails around the <.+ generic term> TLDs instead of just throwing our hands up and sending nothing the Board instead of the something they asked us for.<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Best,<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Paul<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Justine Chew <</span><a href="mailto:justine.chew@gmail.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">justine.chew@gmail.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, July 1, 2020 8:51 PM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>McGrady, Paul D. <</span><a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">><br class=""><b class="">Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Aikman-Scalese, Anne <</span><a href="mailto:AAikman@lrrc.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">AAikman@lrrc.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">>;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Gnso-newgtld-wg] Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">BOOKING.COM</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Hi Paul,<br class=""><br class="">The link you offered is one behind a paywall, so not very useful for me as a non-subscriber.<br class=""><br class="">But I note that Winterfeldt IP Group has also released a client advisory which points to uncertainty and important element(s) not raised in the appeal and therefore not considered by SCOTUS.<br clear="all" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><br class="">Kind regards,<br class=""><br class="">Justine<br class="">---<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">On Wed, 1 Jul 2020 at 10:51, McGrady, Paul D. <<a href="mailto:PMcGrady@taftlaw.com" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">PMcGrady@taftlaw.com</a>> wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><blockquote style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 1pt; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 0in 0in 0in 6pt; margin: 5pt 0in 5pt 4.8pt;" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Thanks Anne.<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">All, here is the link to the actual decision: <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.law360.com/dockets/download/5efb47347da17405e86713cb?doc_url=https*3A*2F*2Fwww.supremecourt.gov*2Fopinions*2F19pdf*2F19-46_8n59.pdf&label=Opinion__;JSUlJSUl!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDDt-3VfdQ$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">https://www.law360.com/dockets/download/5efb47347da17405e86713cb?doc_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.supremecourt.gov%2Fopinions%2F19pdf%2F19-46_8n59.pdf&label=Opinion</a>. The Supreme Court strikes down the USPTO’s per se rule against allowing trademark registration for generic term + trademark. Justice Ginsburg does a great job of pointing out why people who are worried about a competitor no longer being able to use the generic word (e.g. claims that there would be a monopoly on such a term) have nothing to fear. It’s a great read. I wish we could get her on one of our calls!<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">The same is, of course, true in ICANNland – a so-called closed generic for .hammers would not stop anyone from using “hammers” to identify hammers. And, just like the for the USPTO, a per se rule against them makes no sense. This is, no doubt, why the ICANN Board deferred the 2012 closed generic applications to the upcoming round and asked us to develop policy to deal with those deferred applications. I remain hopeful, against all nay saying to the contrary, that we can still eek out some policy here as the Board asked us to do.<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Best to all,<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class="">Paul<o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><p class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(151, 153, 155);" class="">To receive regular COVID-19 updates from Taft, </span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.taftlaw.com/general/subscribe__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDDX2bgUrg$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(162, 40, 49);" class="">subscribe here</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(151, 153, 155);" class="">. For additional resources, visit Taft's COVID-19<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.taftlaw.com/general/coronavirus-covid-19-resource-toolkit__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD9Ci8oIc$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(162, 40, 49);" class="">Resource Toolkit</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(151, 153, 155);" class="">.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(151, 153, 155);" class=""><br class=""><br class="">This message may contain information that is attorney-client privileged, attorney work product or otherwise confidential. If you are not an intended recipient, use and disclosure of this message are prohibited. If you received this transmission in error, please notify the sender by reply e-mail and delete the message and any attachments.</span><o:p class=""></o:p></p><div class=""><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-width: 1pt; border-top-color: rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class="">From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gnso-newgtld-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg-bounces@icann.org</a>><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Aikman-Scalese, Anne<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, June 30, 2020 7:12 PM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">gnso-newgtld-wg@icann.org</a><br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Gnso-newgtld-wg] FW: Client Alert - Supreme Court Finds<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">BOOKING.COM</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Non-Generic And Capable Of Federal Trademark Registration<o:p class=""></o:p></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Dear WG members,</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Just in case anyone on the list is wondering about the US Supreme Court decision in the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/booking.com/__;!!DUT_TFPxUQ!Wzo-NoIXhLvoKbDIN6Nn7s6jAedq1tu8kIGCdfddt5BrgvsLbd3ChyMOVDDD3QvBsFY$" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">booking.com</a><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>trademark case that Paul and I were discussing on the list, please see attached summary. Again, my view is this is a “secondary meaning” case with uncontested evidence that consumers recognized the domain as a source indicator of the owner’s services.</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Thank you,</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class="">Anne</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""> </span><o:p class=""></o:p></div><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(175, 39, 47);" class="">Anne E. Aikman-Scalese</span></b><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(50, 50, 50);" class="">Of Counsel</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(50, 50, 50);" class="">520.629.4428 office</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><a href="mailto:AAikman@lrrc.com" target="_blank" title="Email User" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(50, 50, 50);" class="">AAikman@lrrc.com</span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(50, 50, 50);" class="">_____________________________</span><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; padding: 0in 5.4pt;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(153, 51, 102);" class=""><image001.png></span><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="336" valign="top" style="width: 3.5in; 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