<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div>Authoritative is an adjective and thus relative by definition.</div><div><br></div><div>One source can be more or less authoritative than another. </div><div><br></div><div><div class="result synstart" style="padding: 0px; margin: 8px 12px 0px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Main Entry:</b> source</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Part of Speech:</b> noun</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Definition:</b> beginning; point of supply</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Synonyms:</b> antecedent, author, authority, authorship, begetter, birthplace, cause, commencement, connection, dawn, dawning, derivation, determinant, expert, father, fount, fountain, fountainhead, horse's mouth, inception, informant, maternity, mother, onset, opening, origin, origination, originator, parent, paternity, provenance, provenience, rise, rising, root, specialist, spring, start, starting point, wellspring</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Antonyms:</b> effect, end, result</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><br></span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><br></span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><div class="result synstart" style="padding: 0px; margin: 8px 12px 0px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Main Entry:</b> authoritative</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Part of Speech:</b> adjective</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Definition:</b> recognized as true, valid</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Synonyms:</b> accurate, attested, authentic, authenticated, circumstantiated, confirmed, definitive, dependable, documented, factual, faithful, learned, legit, proven, reliable, righteous, scholarly, sound, straight from horse's mouth, supported, trustworthy, truthful, validated, verified, veritable</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Antonyms:</b> democratic</span></div><div id="gsl_init" data-type="csa" data-bpc="1" data-afsclient="mobile-aj-lexico-dict" data-afschannel="thesaurus" data-afcclient="" data-afcchannel="" data-numofads="1" data-adtest="off" data-afsquery="authoritative" data-afcquery="authoritative" data-impression="{"basePath":"http:\/\/track.thesaurus.com\/track\/impression2","attributes":{"site":"mweb","pageName":"synonym","ldid":0}}" data-custompage="{"attributionText":"Ads by Google","colorAttribution":"676767","fontSizeAttribution":"13px","clickToCall":false,"sellerRatings":true,"siteLinks":true,"plusOnes":false,"location":false,"longerHeadlines":false,"heightConstrained":false,"adstyle":"hm","hl":"en"}" data-customspot="{"fontFamily":"arial","fontSizeTitle":"13px","fontSizeDescription":"12px","fontSizeDomainLink":"12px","colorTitleLink":"#0066CC","colorText":"#666666","colorDomainLink":"#000000"}" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"></div><div id="afcadcontainer" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"></div><div class="tcom-video-ad-container" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><div id="gsl-main-content-holder-afterHeadword" data-google-query-id="CJimuIraztMCFcOmUQods_ELkg" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div id="google_ads_iframe_/23219321/iac.dict.thesrs.mw/results/serp/content_2__container__" style="text-align: start; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0pt none;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/23219321/iac.dict.thesrs.mw/results/serp/content_2" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/23219321/iac.dict.thesrs.mw/results/serp/content_2" width="1" height="1" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border-width: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;"></iframe></span></div></div></div><div id="hider_synonyms" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div class="result synstart" style="padding: 0px; margin: 8px 12px 0px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Main Entry:</b> authoritative</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Part of Speech:</b> adjective</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Definition:</b> domineering</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Synonyms:</b> assertive, authoritarian, autocratic, commanding, confident, decisive, dictatorial, doctrinaire, dogmatic, dominating, imperative, imperious, imposing, masterly, officious, peremptory, self-assured</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Antonyms:</b> democratic</span></div><div class="result synstart" style="padding: 0px; margin: 8px 12px 0px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Main Entry:</b> authoritative</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Part of Speech:</b> adjective</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Definition:</b> official, authorized</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Synonyms:</b> administrative, approved, bureaucratic, canonical, departmental, ex cathedra, ex officio, executive, imperial, lawful, legal, legitimate, magisterial, mandatory, ruling, sanctioned, sovereign, supreme</span></div><div class="result" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 12px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Antonyms:</b> democratic</span></div></div></div><br><div>Sincerely,<div>Paul Keating, Esq.</div></div></div><div><br>On May 1, 2017, at 1:51 PM, Hollenbeck, Scott via gnso-rds-pdp-wg <<a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><span>On an alternative to "authoritative": I prefer to use word that means something along the lines of "closest to the original producer or collector", applying the concept of provenance (information about the creation, chain of custody, modifications or influences pertaining to an artifact) to data. One possible alternative might be "definitive".</span><br><span></span><br><span>Scott</span><br><span></span><br><blockquote type="cite"><span>-----Original Message-----</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>From: <a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg-bounces@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg-bounces@icann.org</a> [mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg-</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="mailto:bounces@icann.org">bounces@icann.org</a>] On Behalf Of Gomes, Chuck via gnso-rds-pdp-wg</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Sent: Sunday, April 30, 2017 5:07 PM</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>To: <a href="mailto:dave@davecake.net">dave@davecake.net</a>; <a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Subject: [EXTERNAL] Re: [gnso-rds-pdp-wg] authoritative</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>In preparation for the WG meeting this coming Tuesday, I ask all members</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>to read David's message below and any messages on the list in response to</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>it. We will try to reach at least a tentative conclusion on this in that</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>meeting.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Realizing that I temporarily halted discussion of issues on the list on</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Friday, because this is really a definition of terminology and not really</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>an issue of requirements, if anyone has a suggestion for an alternative</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>term instead of 'authoritative', it would be okay to share it on the list.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Thanks to those of you who already responded.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Chuck</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>-----Original Message-----</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>From: <a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg-bounces@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg-bounces@icann.org</a> [mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg-</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="mailto:bounces@icann.org">bounces@icann.org</a>] On Behalf Of David Cake</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Sent: Thursday, April 27, 2017 1:12 PM</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>To: RDS PDP WG <<a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a>></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Subject: [EXTERNAL] [gnso-rds-pdp-wg] authoritative</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> I want to just write an (overdue) email recording what I</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>verbalising reported to the meeting earlier this week.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>The small group looking at the term ‘authoritative’ and its definition</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>concluded that the term was best avoided.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Essentially, we identified three ways in which the term was in use, and</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>concluded that the potential for confusion was problematic.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> One sense in which it was used was in a technical sense within the</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>DNS. This sense is defined in RFC 7719 (which Andrew Sullivan was a co-</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>author of), and as the DNS and RDS are closely linked systems this</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>presents the potential for confusion. The definition is, however, of no</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>use to the RDS, as it is highly specific to the DNS.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> The second sense is in a more general data-theoretic use. This is</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>conceptually related to the DNS use, though there are significant</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>complications. This sense is the sense in which it was earlier used in</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>discussion of RDS requirements - the concept that within a data system</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>there is a source of the data that is considered to have precedence over</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>other sources of data. For example, in many data systems (including the</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>DNS) data may be cached, and that cached data is not considered</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>authoritative, even though it is a copy of authoritative data, and if that</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>non-authoritative data is ever found to be different to the authoritative</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>data, the authoritative data is assumed to be correct.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> The third sense is a legal sense, that is data that is guaranteed</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>to be correct by some authority. This sense of authoritative was found to</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>be confusing, and had been found to be problematic in the past, including</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>within ICANN. Michael Palage discussed examples where this had happened,</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>and made a strong case that if the term authoritative was to be used, it</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>would have needed to be appropriately qualified.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> With significant potential for confusion, it seemed as if avoiding</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>the specific term, but finding a term that captured the meaning of the</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>data-theoretic sense.A forms of words suggested included "Data from the</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>source repository,”. I felt that while that form of words looked</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>appropriate for our purposes, having untangled the definitional issues</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>that were the focus of the small group, it was appropriate to move</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>discussion back to the main group for further refining of terminology in</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>context.</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> It should be noted that previous discussion involving the term in</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Copenhagen did not intend to preclude the use of non-authoritative data</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>(caching and similar issues were regarded as implementation issues for</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>Phase 2, that should not be precluded by requirements in Phase 1).</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span> David</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>_______________________________________________</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>gnso-rds-pdp-wg mailing list</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg</a></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>_______________________________________________</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span>gnso-rds-pdp-wg mailing list</span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a></span><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><span><a href="https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg</a></span><br></blockquote><span>_______________________________________________</span><br><span>gnso-rds-pdp-wg mailing list</span><br><span><a href="mailto:gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org">gnso-rds-pdp-wg@icann.org</a></span><br><span><a href="https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/gnso-rds-pdp-wg</a></span></div></blockquote></body></html>