[gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives

Paul Keating paul at law.es
Mon Sep 26 14:09:24 UTC 2016


Very well written. 

Sincerely,
Paul Keating, Esq.

> On Sep 26, 2016, at 5:03 AM, Kurt Pritz <kurt at kjpritz.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi Everyone: 
> 
> I am sorry to be joining this line of conversation so late. Here is some perspective that I hope you find helpful. 
> 
> I.    With regard to the TMCH purpose:
> 
> The purpose of the TMCH is to create efficiencies and reduce costs to trademark owners. Prior to this latest TLD round each new TLD registry (that were dribbling out at the rate of a couple a year) conducted a Sunrise period or a Claims period. Each TLD registry had it's own set of rules for registering marks, and Sunrise or Claims prices administrations. The TMCH was developed to give trademark owners a one-stop shop for registering marks for all TLD registries and one set of rules for the Sunrise and Claims processes - so that they did not have to follow the registration and administration processes for 1000+ new TLD registries. 
> 
> The TMCH was to develop one uniform set of Sunrise and Claims processes but not to make significant improvements on the processes that preceded them, just make it consistent.  
> 
> 
> II.   With regard to pricing: 
> 
> A.   High Sunrise pricing: 
> 
> The TMCH, as originally designed by the Implementation Recommendation Team and approved by the STI (I cannot remember what "STI" stood for), made it a choice for registry operators to offer Sunrise or Claims. This was to repeat the current and historical practice where each new TLD registry offered one or the other. Offering the option makes a lot of sense, especially in a regime where there are no price controls. I.e., a registry cannot be forced to offer a Sunrise, because it could just price the Sunrise names prohibitively. 
> 
> The GAC did not consider this common sense approach (or did not understand the ramifications) when it changed the IRT recommendation and insisted that new TLD registries be required to offer both Sunrise and Claims. The ICANN Board accepted the GAC model and the rest of the community, anxious to get on with the long delayed round, accepted the GAC-recommended change.
> 
> It is my opinion that we should not be too upset at a few registry operators charging high Sunrise prices. This was a foreseeable outcome of the requirement that registry operators offer both Claims and Sunrise. Even if a registry operator offers high Sunrise prices, they still offer the Claims period, which meets the original objective of the IRT in fashioning the TMCH.
> 
> 
> B.   Premium pricing of trademarked names:
> 
> If we focus on potential abusive behavior, rather than the ease with which a trademark owner can register its trademarked name in a TLD registry, there is less of a concern for trademark owners in this area. The higher a domain name is priced (as with a premium name), the less likely the domain holder is to engage in abusive behavior. That is because those that engage in infringing behavior are likely to lose their domain name through URS, UDRP or some other mechanism. That is why they purchase cheaper names that they do not mind losing. If a registrant purchases a domain of $X0,000, they are likely to avoid conduct that might lead to them losing the domain.
> 
> In many cases, the trademark owner might be pleased at the premium price because the trademark owner need not to register the name defensively in order to prevent infringing behavior by others. The price of the domain name does that for them. 
> 
> In the case of a name that the trademark owner wants to register the name in a new TLD registry but it is priced at a high premium, well that is what markets are about. The name should go to the party that values the name more highly so long as that party has a legitimate right and use of the name. 
> 
> We are concerned with abuse. I think that two ways that abuse will be naturally limited are: (1) a low Sunrise price that the trademark owner will willingly pay, and (2) a high Sunrise price (i.e., a Premium name price) that will effectively discourage rights-infringing registrants from obtaining the name. 
> 
> 
> C.   Differential pricing of domains by registrants:
> 
> The examples of .feedback and .sucks is a lot trickier and might merit discussion. My understanding of those two registries is that they have carefully crafted registration criteria that comply with the ICANN rules and, at the same time, enables them to charge different prices based upon the registrant. 
> 
> This group might consider providing policy advice to ICANN in attempt to close the sort of registration practices that .feedback and .sucks have implemented. In practice, this is likely to be difficult to do and result in unnecessary restricting the marketplace. 
> 
> As admittedly a laissez-faire sort of guy, I believe we should look at whether the operation of either of these two (or other similarly-situated) registries have caused any deleterious effects and if their impact is beyond that achieved by any other such sites. E.g., is there a kurt.sucks domain that is more infringing and more impactful than the equivalent kurtsucks.com webpage? To me, these sites will be either: infringing (and be taken down), true and meaningful (where their notoriety will be deserved), or non-impactful (where they will be ignored and the registries will dither in obscurity) 
> 
> 
> Sorry for taking so long to say this. I hope you found it useful. I can elaborate if you wish. 
> 
> Best regards,
> 
> Kurt
> 
> ________________
> Kurt Pritz
> kurt at kjpritz.com
> +1.310.400.4184
> Skype: kjpritz
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
>> On Sep 26, 2016, at 7:13 AM, "Paul at law.es ZIMBRA" <paul at law.es> wrote:
>> 
>> Petter,
>> 
>> I'm not sure I understand.  Are you referring to the pricing system of the TMCH or the registries via their pricing of sunrise/premium domains.
>> 
>> If the reference is to the pricing by registries, I am not sure I understand the logic behind a demand that the pricing be neutral.  I fully understand the frustration at being faced,with a high price but I don't see that any legal right has been impacted.
>> 
>> I have read various comments about "the law" and that high pricing is tantamount to interference with the exercise of a right.  However, I have not seen any reference to the actual "law" being referenced or an argument as to how exorbitant pricing amounts to interference with any "right". 
>> 
>> I don't see how restrictions on TMCH data would be useful.  It seems to me that the information from TMCH is publicly available from other sources.   Thus, aside from perhaps the benefit of knowing that a trademark owner was "interested" in domains (as a result of having registered with the TMCH) And receiving the data in a user-friendly format, don't see how restricting use of TMCH data would,resolve the asserted problem.    The registries would simply obtain the data elsewhere. 
>> 
>> Nor have I seen empirical evidence that such pricing (a) resulted in the trademark owner not registering the relevant domain AND (b) that the same domain was registered and used in bad faith or in an infringing manner.  While some trademark holders may have paid the price, I would think they saw sufficient value to justify their registration as opposed to (a) the risk another legitimate trademark holder obtaining the domain or (b) later reliance upon curative rights (UDRP/URS/litigation) in the event it was registered by a cyber squatter.
>> 
>> Let's not forget here that the "value" proposition present in the high price reflects not only the value of "preventing" potential cyber squatting but also the right to preclude BOTH competing registered and coo on law trademark holders (I.e. those having rights as to different classes of goods/services) from obtaining the same domain.  And, of course this value proposition is played out on a global scale and not a micro economic scale involving a relatively few registered trademark rights holders.  Given the above I am not prepared to substitute my subjective views on what is "reasonable" for those of the marketplace.
>> 
>> 
>> Paul Keating
>> 
>>> On 25 Sep 2016, at 1:00 PM, Petter Rindforth <petter.rindforth at fenixlegal.eu> wrote:
>>> 
>>> + Lori & Jeff
>>> 
>>> This price system raises a question on the neutrality of the system.
>>> 
>>> / Petter
>>> 
>>> -- 
>>> Petter Rindforth, LL M 
>>> 
>>> Fenix Legal KB 
>>> Stureplan 4c, 4tr 
>>> 114 35 Stockholm 
>>> Sweden 
>>> Fax: +46(0)8-4631010 
>>> Direct phone: +46(0)702-369360 
>>> E-mail: petter.rindforth at fenixlegal.eu 
>>> www.fenixlegal.eu 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> NOTICE 
>>> This e-mail message is intended solely for the individual or individuals to whom it is addressed. It may contain confidential attorney-client privileged information and attorney work product. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, you are requested not to read, copy or distribute it or any of the information it contains. Please delete it immediately and notify us by return e-mail. 
>>> Fenix Legal KB, Sweden, www.fenixlegal.eu 
>>> Thank you
>>> 
>>> 23 september 2016 22:50:33 +02:00, skrev Lori Schulman <lschulman at inta.org>:
>>>> As Jeff pointed out, it’s not a question of keeping prices low or high, it’s about discriminatory pricing based on whether a national right is granted in a name.   I agree with you that the right is separate from the pricing but when the prices are manipulated based on an exercise of a right it becomes a concern.  There is a built in deterrent to using the TMCH based on a right when that use then leads to extraordinary pricing.  
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Lori S. Schulman
>>>> 
>>>> Senior Director, Internet Policy
>>>> 
>>>> International Trademark Association (INTA)
>>>> 
>>>> +1-202-704-0408, Skype: lsschulman
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> From: Rebecca Tushnet [mailto:rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu] 
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 4:42 PM
>>>> To: Kiran Malancharuvil <Kiran.Malancharuvil at markmonitor.com>
>>>> Cc: Lori Schulman <lschulman at inta.org>; Jeff Neuman <jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org
>>>> Subject: RE: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> I’m not sure what you’re saying.  I am asking why keeping prices low (but maybe not too low, given other comments) is a concern of the TMCH review, and asking for a reason related to the legal rights, as opposed to market interests, of trademark owners.  If such a reason isn’t persuasively articulated, then I think that would give us an answer.
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> 
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 
>>>> 703 593 6759
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> From: Kiran Malancharuvil [mailto:Kiran.Malancharuvil at markmonitor.com] 
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 4:37 PM
>>>> To: Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Cc: Lori Schulman; Jeff Neuman; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org
>>>> Subject: RE: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> I think it would probably be a mistake then, to try and exclude the issue from the discussion, if you wish to discuss it.  
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Thanks,
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Kiran
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> From: Rebecca Tushnet [mailto:rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu] 
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 1:35 PM
>>>> To: Kiran Malancharuvil <Kiran.Malancharuvil at markmonitor.com>
>>>> Cc: Lori Schulman <lschulman at inta.org>; Jeff Neuman <jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org
>>>> Subject: Re: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> I would then like that understanding of the law to be articulated, because I don't see it. 
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet 
>>>> 
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Sent from my phone. Apologies for terseness/typos. 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> On Sep 23, 2016, at 4:29 PM, Kiran Malancharuvil <Kiran.Malancharuvil at markmonitor.com> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> Hi Rebecca,
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> I think it’s fair to say that the trademark community (through INTA and elsewhere) is basing their concerns on a full understanding of the law.  
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Thanks,
>>>> 
>>>> Kiran
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Kiran Malancharuvil
>>>> 
>>>> Policy Counselor
>>>> 
>>>> MarkMonitor
>>>> 
>>>> 415.222.8318 (t)
>>>> 
>>>> 415.419.9138 (m)
>>>> 
>>>> www.markmonitor.com
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> From: Rebecca Tushnet [mailto:rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu] 
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 1:26 PM
>>>> To: Lori Schulman <lschulman at inta.org>
>>>> Cc: Kiran Malancharuvil <Kiran.Malancharuvil at markmonitor.com>; Jeff Neuman <jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org
>>>> Subject: Re: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> To reiterate and then I will try to stop: "deep concern" and "related to a right granted by national law" are very different things. 
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet 
>>>> 
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Sent from my phone. Apologies for terseness/typos. 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> On Sep 23, 2016, at 4:17 PM, Lori Schulman <lschulman at inta.org> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> I also agree with Brad and Jeff.  This pricing issue is a deep concern for INTA members.
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> Lori S. Schulman
>>>> 
>>>> Senior Director, Internet Policy
>>>> 
>>>> International Trademark Association (INTA)
>>>> 
>>>> +1-202-704-0408, Skype: lsschulman
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> From: gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org [mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org] On Behalf Of Kiran Malancharuvil via gnso-rpm-wg
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 3:31 PM
>>>> To: Jeff Neuman <jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>
>>>> Cc: gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org
>>>> Subject: Re: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>>  
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Agree with Jeff and Bradley below.
>>>> 
>>>> Kiran Malancharuvil
>>>> Policy Counselor
>>>> MarkMonitor
>>>> 415-419-9138 (m)
>>>> 
>>>> Sent from my mobile, please excuse any typos.
>>>> 
>>>> On Sep 23, 2016, at 10:00 AM, Jeff Neuman <jeff.neuman at comlaude.com<mailto:jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> We also need to look at examples out there where it is not just premium pricing of domains, but there was at least one case (.feedback) that said if you are a trademark owner (whether or not purchased in the Sunrise or after), the price is $X, but if you are not the trademark owner, then your price is $Y, where $Y was thousands of dollars less.
>>>> 
>>>> See: http://domainincite.com/19560-forget-sucks-feedback-will-drive-trademark-owners-nuts-all-over-again and
>>>> http://domainincite.com/19615-feedback-regs-fox-trademark-to-itself-during-sunrise
>>>> 
>>>> I believe the policies of .sucks and .feedback need to be discussed. It is one thing to have premium pricing on a name whereby any purchaser of the name would have to pay the same price (even if high); but, it is another thing to have different prices for a name depending on who the purchaser is (discrimination amongst purchasers). That I do believe is in our scope.
>>>> 
>>>> Jeffrey J. Neuman
>>>> Senior Vice President |Valideus USA | Com Laude USA
>>>> 1751 Pinnacle Drive, Suite 600
>>>> Mclean, VA 22102, United States
>>>> E: jeff.neuman at valideus.com<mailto:jeff.neuman at valideus.com> or jeff.neuman at comlaude.com<mailto:jeff.neuman at comlaude.com>
>>>> T: +1.703.635.7514
>>>> M: +1.202.549.5079
>>>> @Jintlaw
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> From: gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org> [mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org] On Behalf Of Phil Corwin
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 12:20 PM
>>>> To: Rebecca Tushnet <rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu<mailto:rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu>>
>>>> Cc: gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org>
>>>> Subject: Re: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>> “If post-Sunrise registrations of expensive domain names have led to infringement, I hope we will be able to collect evidence of that.”
>>>> 
>>>> Agreed that we should seek this type of data, certainly anecdotal and more comprehensive if available.
>>>> 
>>>> Philip S. Corwin, Founding Principal
>>>> Virtualaw LLC
>>>> 1155 F Street, NW
>>>> Suite 1050
>>>> Washington, DC 20004
>>>> 202-559-8597/Direct
>>>> 202-559-8750/Fax
>>>> 202-255-6172/Cell
>>>> 
>>>> Twitter: @VlawDC
>>>> 
>>>> "Luck is the residue of design" -- Branch Rickey
>>>> 
>>>> From: Rebecca Tushnet [mailto:rlt26 at law.georgetown.edu]
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 12:16 PM
>>>> To: Phil Corwin
>>>> Cc: Silver, Bradley; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org>
>>>> Subject: Re: TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>> And is the additional system cost (one component of effectiveness) of individualized review of pricing worth this hypothetical increased risk of later infringement? If post-Sunrise registrations of expensive domain names have led to infringement, I hope we will be able to collect evidence of that. Likewise with the hypothetical effect of encountering an unregistered domain in a new gTLD. In an age of search engines, I thought we had gotten past the idea that a consumer would type in a domain name and then give up if no website, or a nonconfusing but non-trademark owner website, resolves. I also highly doubt there's evidence that consumers think less of a trademark owner for not registering every variation.
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 
>>>> Sent from my phone. Apologies for terseness/typos.
>>>> 
>>>> On Sep 23, 2016, at 11:39 AM, Phil Corwin <psc at vlaw-dc.com<mailto:psc at vlaw-dc.com>> wrote:
>>>> I believe I just addressed that question in the email I posted – if unreasonably high sunrise pricing deters a rights holder from registering a domain corresponding to a verified TM registered in the TMCH then it may be registered in the general availability period by an infringer, which in turn imposes a variety of costs on the TM owner (including those of bringing a subsequent URS, UDRP, or judicial action) and also creates the possibility of confusion and harm for the general public.
>>>> 
>>>> This is not to say that all Premium pricing is unreasonable, as it is generally recognized that certain words and terms have inherent additional value in the DNS context – it really requires a case by case analysis.
>>>> 
>>>> Philip S. Corwin, Founding Principal
>>>> Virtualaw LLC
>>>> 1155 F Street, NW
>>>> Suite 1050
>>>> Washington, DC 20004
>>>> 202-559-8597/Direct
>>>> 202-559-8750/Fax
>>>> 202-255-6172/Cell
>>>> 
>>>> Twitter: @VlawDC
>>>> 
>>>> "Luck is the residue of design" -- Branch Rickey
>>>> 
>>>> From: gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org> [mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org] On Behalf Of Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 11:10 AM
>>>> To: Silver, Bradley; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org>
>>>> Subject: Re: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>> TMCH’s goal of “protection” against what, though? How does high pricing contribute to trademark infringement? High pricing may deter purchases of domain names, no doubt, but with what result for the system overall?
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 703 593 6759
>>>> 
>>>> From: Silver, Bradley [mailto:Bradley.Silver at timewarner.com]
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 11:00 AM
>>>> To: Rebecca Tushnet; gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org>
>>>> Subject: RE: TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>> I would add that the question of pricing feeds into the concept of effectiveness, because if the TMCH is serving as a database for registries to target brand owners for higher pricing based on the value of their brands, then this is antithetical to the TMCH’s primary goal to provide protection for verified right holders.
>>>> 
>>>> From: gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org> [mailto:gnso-rpm-wg-bounces at icann.org] On Behalf Of Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Sent: Friday, September 23, 2016 10:26 AM
>>>> To: gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org<mailto:gnso-rpm-wg at icann.org>
>>>> Subject: [gnso-rpm-wg] TMCH review objectives
>>>> 
>>>> Hello, all. On the last WG call, concerns about pricing of domain names during the Sunrise Period arose. This led to a question of whether pricing is within the remit of this WG – and the broader question of what the purpose of our TMCH review is. There seemed to be a desire to focus on the TMCH’s effectiveness. The predicate question, then, is: effectiveness at what? Here are some suggestions for discussion: (1) minimizing the cost of operating the system for all concerned; (2) minimizing the number of actions that ultimately need to be brought against infringing registrants; (3) minimizing the number of noninfringing registrants whose legitimate uses are blocked or deterred. If the system is reasonably balancing those objectives, I suggest, then it is effective; potential changes should be directly related to improving performance on one or more of these metrics without unduly hampering the others.
>>>> 
>>>> Yours,
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> 
>>>> Rebecca Tushnet
>>>> Georgetown Law
>>>> 703 593 6759
>>>> 
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