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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear GP members,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I have compiled two texts submitted by Denis and Bill as the response to the IP letter from August 29.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Please find the proposal below. All comments and corrections are the most welcome.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Regards Mirjana <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<div style="mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="border:none;padding:0cm"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">The Latin GP appreciates the additional input received on August 29, 2018 titled “Diacritics below a security risk?”.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">In its feedback, IP makes a case for potential security risks when certain diacritics below (e.g. dot and line below) are used in a domain name. The risk is not always apparent, but it reveals
itself when the diacritic below is obscured by an underline, which is the typical formatting feature of hyperlinks. The IP asserts “<b>Of all diacritics, diacritics below can be difficult to distinguish or be prone to clipping”.<o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Security risks deserve a place in our analysis, so Latin GP is committed to explicitly discuss this matter, resolve whether they constitute a security risk to the Root Zone and decide a solution
vis-à-vis the LGR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">On a related note, the Latin GP would like to get additional clarification regarding some of IP’s statements from the August 29 email:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">“It can be argued users have no working understanding of typography and would not reliably interpret small gaps or bulges in the underline as being related to an
unfamiliar code point”</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">. <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">“The IP would like to encourage the Latin GP […] to explicitly examine [the diacritics below] example and other cases like it, where code points can become indistinguishable
in common usage scenarios for IDNs”</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Some GP members would imply that IP is welcoming visual similarity or confusability as a criterion for variant definition (e.g. letters with diacritics acute and grave could be deemed indistinguishable,
therefore variants). Other members don’t agree with that reasoning. In this context, the Latin GP wants to confirm that prior guidance from IP (below), which we find consistent with the LGR Procedure, is not at odds with the August 29 email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"> <u>
LGR Procedure:<o:p></o:p></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">“Finally, in investigating the possible variant relations, Generation Panels should ignore cases where the relation is based exclusively on aspects of visual similarity.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><u><span lang="EN-US">October 18, 2017: Principles for repertoire and variants – Feedback from IP<o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><i><span lang="EN-US">“In the context of the Root Zone, the Procedure is quite clear in that it considers simple similarity of appearance to be outside the scope of the Root Zone LGR.”</span></i><span lang="EN-US">...
<i>“Having the Root Zone exhibit fundamentally different design decisions with respect to variants than those found on the second level would have to be justified by strong arguments based on factors special to the Root Zone.”</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><u><span lang="EN-US">March 22, 2017: Latin GP Proposal: IP Feedback<o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><i><span lang="EN-US">“The kinds of variants to be defined in the Root Zone LGR are limited to homoglyphs, which are characters essentially identical appearance by design, instead of merely similar appearance.”</span></i><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">It may be helpful in clarifying matters if the IP could address a few actual examples for us. We are all clear that
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">o and ỗ 006F and 1ED7<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">are sufficiently different to not even be confuseable. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Example 1.
<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Letters ə and ǝ 0259 and 01DD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">are pixel for pixel identical. It should be noted, we have been presented with an argument that even they are not variants. The explanation given by some members of IP was that these two letters
are not variants because their uppercase versions are different.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Example 2:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">Please consider following cases. Where in between does the threshold for variants lie:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Case no<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Code point 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Glyph 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Glyph 2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Code point 2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Variants or "merely visually similar"? or something else<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0131<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ı<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ɩ<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0269<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">00E1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ă<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ǎ <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">01CE<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">006A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">j<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">į<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">012F<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">00FC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ü<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ű<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0171<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">5.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">006C<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">m<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">rn<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0072 + 006D<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">6.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">006B<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">k<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ƙ <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0199<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">7.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0070<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">p<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">þ<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">00FE<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">8.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0064<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">d<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ɗ<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0257<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<td width="56" valign="top" style="width:42.3pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">9.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="76" valign="top" style="width:2.0cm;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">00F5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="66" valign="top" style="width:49.6pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">õ <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="57" valign="top" style="width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ō<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="76" valign="top" style="width:2.0cm;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">014D<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="271" valign="top" style="width:202.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="56" valign="top" style="width:42.3pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">10.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="76" valign="top" style="width:2.0cm;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0069<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="66" valign="top" style="width:49.6pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">i<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="57" valign="top" style="width:42.55pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">ı<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="76" valign="top" style="width:2.0cm;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">0131<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="271" valign="top" style="width:202.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">FYI, Case no 10 in the previous table, an experiment with a couple dozen native speakers of English found them unable to spot occurrences of the latter. Even when told that there was a variation
on the letter I somewhere in the text.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">P.S. As may be obvious, the Latin GP is going to find it difficult to respond to the IP's query about whether various letters with a diacritic below are variants. And until we are clear on
what the IP's <i>purpose</i> is in designating some kinds of similarity variants and others not, it will be impossible to respond to the Why? part of the query.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Od:</b> Latingp <latingp-bounces@icann.org> <b>U ime </b>
Bill Jouris<br>
<b>Poslato:</b> Saturday, September 1, 2018 10:16<br>
<b>Za:</b> latingp@icann.org<br>
<b>Tema:</b> Re: [Latingp] From IP: Diacritics below a security risk?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_18005">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">I would like to suggest that we expand on Dennis' draft a bit. Perhaps with the following text added.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_16652">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_16868">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17638">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">*************************************************************************************************************************<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17791">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">It may be helpful in clarifying matters if the IP could address a few actual examples for us. We are all clear that
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17639">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">o and ỗ 006F and 1ED7<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17640">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">are sufficiently different to not even be confuseable. On the other hand
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17641">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">ə and ǝ 0259 and 01DD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17642">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">are pixel for pixel identical. (It should be noted, we have been presented with an argument that even they are not variants.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17643">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_18592">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">So, where in between does the threshold for variants lie:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_18593">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">ı and ɩ 0131 and 0269<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_18890">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> The difference is on the order of that between different fonts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19132">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19134">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19280">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">ă and ǎ 00E1 and 01CE<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19691">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> The difference is small enough that, at normal (12 point) type size, the eye cannot distinguish.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19942">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_19135">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20142">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">j and į 006A and 012F<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20785">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Outside the fraction of a percent of users who have encountered the latter previously, it wouldn't occur to anyone that the latter
was anything except a letter J. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20786">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20793">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20792">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">ü and ű 00FC and 0171
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_21293">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_21294">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_21371">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">m and rn 006C and 0072 plus 006D
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_21792">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22202">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22207">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">k and ƙ 006B and 0199<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22215">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22205">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">p and þ 0070 and 00FE<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_21783">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23516">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23718">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">d and ɗ 0064 and 0257
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23720">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_22833">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23097">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">õ and ō 00F5 and 014D<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_20352">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_25512">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_25884">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">i and ı 0069 and 0131
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_25996">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> FYI, an experiment with a couple dozen native speakers of English found them unable to spot occurrences of the latter. Even
when told that there was a variation on the letter I somewhere in the text.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23323">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> Variants or "merely visually similar"?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23725">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_23729">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">P.S. As may be obvious, the Latin GP is going to find it difficult to respond to the IP's query about whether various letters with a
diacritic below are variants. And until we are clear on what the IP's <i>purpose</i> is in designating some kinds of similarity variants and others not, it will be impossible to respond to the Why? part of the query.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_24124">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_24123">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">**********************************************************************************************************************************<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17644">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_24778">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_16670">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Bill Jouris<br>
Inside Products<br>
<a href="mailto:bill.jouris@insidethestack.com">bill.jouris@insidethestack.com</a><br>
831-659-8360<br>
925-855-9512 (direct)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17645">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17649">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17648">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17647">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1535743709491_17646">
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:white">
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">
<hr size="1" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> "Tan Tanaka, Dennis via Latingp" <<a href="mailto:latingp@icann.org">latingp@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>To:</b> "<a href="mailto:latingp@icann.org">latingp@icann.org</a>" <<a href="mailto:latingp@icann.org">latingp@icann.org</a>>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, August 31, 2018 1:43 PM<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Latingp] From IP: Diacritics below a security risk?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Mirjana, et al<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Below is a proposed response to IP
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">From: Latin GP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">To: IP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The Latin GP appreciates the additional input received on August 29, 2018 titled “Diacritics below a security risk?”.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">In its feedback, IP makes a case for potential security risks when certain diacritics below (e.g. dot and line below) are used in a domain
name. The risk is not always apparent, but it reveals itself when the diacritic below is obscured by an underline, which is the typical formatting feature of hyperlinks. The IP asserts “Of all diacritics, diacritics below can be difficult to distinguish or
be prone to clipping”.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Security risks deserve a place in our analysis, so Latin GP is committed to explicitly discuss this matter, resolve whether they constitute
a security risk to the Root Zone and decide a solution vis-à-vis the LGR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">On a related note, the Latin GP would like to get additional clarification regarding some of IP’s statements from the August 29 email:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">“It can be argued users have no working understanding of typography and would not reliably interpret small gaps or bulges in the underline
as being related to an unfamiliar code point”</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> </span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">“The IP would like to encourage the Latin GP […] to explicitly examine [the diacritics below] example and other cases like it, where
code points can become indistinguishable in common usage scenarios for IDNs”</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Some GP members would imply that IP is welcoming visual similarity or confusability as a criterion for variant definition (e.g. letters
with diacritics acute and grave could be deemed indistinguishable, therefore variants). Other members don’t agree with that reasoning. In this context, the Latin GP wants to confirm that prior guidance from IP (below), which we find consistent with the LGR
Procedure, is not at odds with the August 29 email.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">
<u>LGR Procedure:</u><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">“Finally, in investigating the possible variant relations, Generation Panels should ignore cases where the relation is based exclusively
on aspects of visual similarity.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><u><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">October 18, 2017: Principles for repertoire and variants – Feedback from IP</span></u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><i><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">“In the context of the Root Zone, the Procedure is quite clear in that it considers simple similarity of appearance to be outside the scope of the
Root Zone LGR.”</span></i><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">...
<i>“Having the Root Zone exhibit fundamentally different design decisions with respect to variants than those found on the second level would have to be justified by strong arguments based on factors special to the Root Zone.”</i></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><u><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">March 22, 2017: Latin GP Proposal: IP Feedback</span></u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><i><span style="font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">“The kinds of variants to be defined in the Root Zone LGR are limited to homoglyphs, which are characters essentially identical appearance by design,
instead of merely similar appearance.”</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Latin GP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">From:
</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Latingp <<a href="mailto:latingp-bounces@icann.org">latingp-bounces@icann.org</a>> on behalf of Sarmad Hussain <<a href="mailto:sarmad.hussain@icann.org">sarmad.hussain@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Date: </b>Wednesday, August 29, 2018 at 2:58 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>Latin GP <<a href="mailto:latingp@icann.org">latingp@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[EXTERNAL] [Latingp] From IP: Diacritics below a security risk?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Dear Latin GP members
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Kindly find below some feedback from IP for your consideration.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Regards <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Sarmad <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><br>
TO: LatinGP<br>
FROM: IP<br>
<br>
There are recent and widely published examples of phishing attacks using Latin IDNs in which the key features involved were diacritics below the letter. Here is an example:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="438" height="286" style="width:4.5625in;height:2.9791in" id="yiv0601733086_x005f_x0000_i1028" src="cid:image001.png@01D4439A.A878CA60" alt="cid:part1.E6E9F88C.32B00687@ix.netcom.com"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Of all diacritics, diacritics below can be difficult to distinguish or be prone to clipping -- there is less space below the baseline
than between the typical lowercase glyph and the top of the line.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The example given above shows a further interaction with URL underlining - and not all display engines actually do as nice a job interrupting
the underline as in the screen shot above. For example, here is how one system will render this (using a designated UI font - Segoe UI):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="185" height="32" style="width:1.927in;height:.3333in" id="yiv0601733086_x005f_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image002.png@01D4439A.A878CA60" alt="cid:part2.59964F92.16B1BC0B@ix.netcom.com"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Note, this code point (U+1E33) is in the MSR as is (U+1E35 LATIN SMALL K WITH LINE BELOW).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="197" height="47" style="width:2.052in;height:.4895in" id="yiv0601733086_x005f_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image003.png@01D4439A.A878CA60" alt="cid:part3.99B9649E.C3C335FC@ix.netcom.com"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The second example contains U+1E35 -- while the effect does not show equally at all type sizes, from 12pt and below the LINE BELOW is
reliably hidden. Here are the two examples at 10pt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="101" height="56" style="width:1.052in;height:.5833in" id="yiv0601733086_x005f_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image004.png@01D4439A.A878CA60" alt="cid:part4.B43CE3FD.8C84EACF@ix.netcom.com"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The issue is not limited to "K". We see "B", "D", "L" and "N" with both DOT and LINE BELOW and "M" and "H" with DOT BELOW, all on the
same page in the MSR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">It can be argued users have no working understanding of typography and would not reliably interpret small gaps or bulges in the underline
as being related to an unfamiliar code point. This appears to make all diacritics below security-sensitive, however, the initial determination belongs to the relevant GPs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Note by the way that the Devanagari LGR treats sequences containing NUKTA (a dot below) as variants in at least some cases and recent
community comments for that script are calling for more variant sequences. However, while the feature is graphically analog (dot below), each script works differently and there is no single a-priori solution.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The IP would like to encourage the LatinGP (and any other GP facing cases like this) to explicitly examine this example and other cases
like it, where code points can become indistinguishable in common usage scenarios for IDNs, and formally conclude whether and how to take these into account when designing their LGR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">At this point, the IP would expect the GP to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">* explicitly discuss this and other scenarios like it<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">* evaluate whether they constitute a security risk to the Root Zone<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">* come up with a reasoned decision as to whether and how to address them in the design of the Latin GP; and finally<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">* document both the decision and its rationale.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">In coming to a decision, the GP may resolve:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">1) to make them variants<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">2) to list them for attention as confusable<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">3) to take no action, because the GP feels that they do not represent a special security risk.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">As part of the review of the Latin LGR, the IP will look at the background and rationale offered by the Latin GP in coming to its conclusion;
note that if the IP feels that the facts considered and rationale documented do not support the conclusion reached by the GP it may raise objections at that time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">_______________________________________________<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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