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<p class="MsoPlainText">Looking again at the visual evidence, I believe this is not a strong case for variants. But it may be a candidate for visual similarity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">From a visual standpoint I don’t see it as a clear-cut case. Doing a comparison of the code points "æ" "œ" using wordmark.it, the great majority of fonts show them very distinguishable (e.g.
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Arial:</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
æ œ</span>, <span style="font-family:Times">Times</span>: <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times">
æ œ</span>, <span style="font-family:Courier">Courier:</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Courier">
æ œ,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> Calibri: æ œ</span>).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">From an orthography viewpoint, I don’t see good support, but of course, this is only
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography#Ligatures">one</a> data point.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">-Dennis<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">On 2/11/19, 9:16 AM, "Latingp on behalf of Michael Bauland" <latingp-bounces@icann.org on behalf of Michael.Bauland@knipp.de> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> Hi Bill,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> thanks for the summary.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> I agree with you if purely looking at the visual confusability issue.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> However, with ae vs. æ and oe vs. œ the issue is not about visual<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> sameness, at least that's what the IP argued on our phone call. They<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> said that in most languages ae and æ have the same meaning and could be<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> exchanged. I can only talk for German, and there it might be ok to write<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> ae instead of the ligature but certainly not the other way round. But to<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> be honest, I personally never used such a word in German.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> Therefore the reason to make ae and its ligature variants would be<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> purely semantic. And then we have a problem: how to decide which variant<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> relation is stronger? If all are visual, it's (more or less) easy to<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> decide which visual similarity is stronger, but there's no metric to<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> compare visual and semantic similarities with each other.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> Cheers,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> Michael<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> -- <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> ____________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> | |<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> | knipp | Knipp Medien und Kommunikation GmbH<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"> ------- Technologiepark<o:p></o:p></p>
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