[tz] LMT in Moscow before 1919, Kilometre Zero point
Paul Eggert
eggert at cs.ucla.edu
Wed Jul 9 02:28:57 UTC 2014
Thanks for those corrections; that area had been using unreliable data
from Shanks & Pottenger. Your email prompted me to dust off my copy of
Milne and fix similar problems in some other parts of Russia, and I
installed the attached patch to the experimental version of the tz
database on Github; it should reflect your comments.
-------------- next part --------------
From 81ee353cdded952231de5c4901d3fdadb92039c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Eggert <eggert at cs.ucla.edu>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2014 19:23:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Correct time in Russia before 1927 or so.
(Thanks to Vladimir Karpinsky for the Moscow corrections.)
Other corrections are taken from Milne 1899.
* asia (Asia/Tbilisi): Change LMT from 2:59:16 to 2:59:06.
(Asia/Tashkent): Change LMT from 4:37:12 to 4:37:11.
* europe (Europe/Helsinki): Change LMT from 1:39:52 to 1:39:49.
(Europe/Riga): Change LMT from 1:36:24 to 1:36:28.
(Europe/Moscow): Change LMT from 2:30:20 to 2:30:17.
Change 1916/9 time from 2:30:48 to 2:31:19.
(Asia/Yekaterinburg): Change LMT from 4:02:24 to 4:02:33.
(Asia/Irkutsk): Change LMT from 6:57:20 to 6:57:15.
(Asia/Vladivostok): Change LMT from 8:47:44 to 8:47:34.
* zone.tab (Europe/Moscow): Use Kilometer 0 point.
* NEWS: Document this.
---
NEWS | 6 ++++++
asia | 8 +++++---
europe | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
zone.tab | 2 +-
4 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 9038de1..82c83c9 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes
Finland's 1942 fall-back transition was October 4 at 01:00, not
October 3 at 00:00. (Thanks to Konstantin Hyppönen.)
+ Time in Russia before 1927 or so has been corrected by a few seconds in
+ the following zones: Europe/Moscow, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Tbilisi,
+ Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yekaterinburg, Europe/Helsinki, and
+ Europe/Riga. Also, Moscow's location has been changed to its Kilometer 0
+ point. (Thanks to Vladimir Karpinsky for the Moscow changes.)
+
New link name
New link Indian/Alfred_Faure for the Crozet Islands and the
diff --git a/asia b/asia
index d396111..4d9faeb 100644
--- a/asia
+++ b/asia
@@ -823,10 +823,11 @@ Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
+# Milne says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7; round to nearest.)
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
- 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
+Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:06 - LMT 1880
+ 2:59:06 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
@@ -2739,7 +2740,8 @@ Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
5:00 - UZT
-Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
+# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
+Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
diff --git a/europe b/europe
index d120bef..3323a19 100644
--- a/europe
+++ b/europe
@@ -1085,9 +1085,13 @@ Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S
Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 -
Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
+
+# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document);
+# round to nearest.
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31
- 1:39:52 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time
+Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31
+ 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time
2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983
2:00 EU EE%sT
@@ -1525,13 +1529,16 @@ Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+
+# Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time).
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880
- 1:36:24 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time
- 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer
- 1:36:24 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00
- 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00
- 1:36:24 - RMT 1926 May 11
+Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880
+ 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time
+ 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer
+ 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00
+ 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00
+ 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11
2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5
3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13
@@ -2232,9 +2239,27 @@ Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
# 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg
# 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug
-Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880
- 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
- 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00
+# From Vladimir Karpinsky (2017-07-08):
+# LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
+# Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
+# LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
+# (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia
+# since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia
+# was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow
+# was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory
+# coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" >
+# 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 =
+# 2:31:19 ...
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
+# Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in
+# Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895).
+# Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in
+# Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky.
+
+Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880
+ 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
+ 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00
3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
@@ -2342,7 +2367,9 @@ Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
# Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak
# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai.
-Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
+# Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest.
+
+Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
@@ -2450,8 +2477,10 @@ Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
# Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was
# merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast.
-Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880
- 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
+# Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15.
+
+Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880
+ 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
@@ -2535,7 +2564,9 @@ Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
# 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District
# 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District
-Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
+# Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest.
+
+Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
diff --git a/zone.tab b/zone.tab
index cac4a26..e29778c 100644
--- a/zone.tab
+++ b/zone.tab
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ RE -2052+05528 Indian/Reunion
RO +4426+02606 Europe/Bucharest
RS +4450+02030 Europe/Belgrade
RU +5443+02030 Europe/Kaliningrad Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad
-RU +5545+03735 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia
+RU +554521+0373704 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia
RU +4457+03406 Europe/Simferopol Moscow+00 - Crimea
RU +4844+04425 Europe/Volgograd Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea
RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+00 (Moscow+01 after 2014-10-26) - Samara, Udmurtia
--
1.9.1
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