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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=800131213-16042001>Ivan
Nilsson is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies
appropriately.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=800131213-16042001></SPAN></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=800131213-16042001>
--ado</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma
size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Ivan Nilsson
[mailto:ivan@spica-it.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, April 13, 2001 6:46
PM<BR><B>To:</B> tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov<BR><B>Subject:</B> Info on timechanges in
Sweden<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I'd like to make a contribution to the
timechanges in Sweden found in your timezone file.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Sweden has never had the Mean Time of Stockholm as
national Standard Time, and never switched to/from summertime at 1:00 from 1980
onwards. The correct entries are:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial
size=2><BR>GMTOFF RULES
FORMAT
[UNTIL]<BR>1:12:12
LMT
1879 (1878 May 31 is
incorrect)<BR>1:00:14
SEST 1900
(change at 01:00 is incorrect) # Sweden Standard
Time<BR>1:00:00
CET
1916 May 14 23:00 (April 14 is
incorrect)<BR>1:00:00
1:00
CEST 1916 I'm not sure
about this, see explanation below.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>All of the above is stated in lawtexts
(unfortunately I have only found them in Swedish).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14"
about standard time in 1879:<BR>From the beginning of 1879 (that is January
1 0:00) the time for all places in the country is "the mean solar time for
the meridian at three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 31 May 1878.<BR>The
observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" eastern longitude
=<BR>1 hour 12 minutes 14 seconds in time. Less 12 minutes give the national
standard time as<BR>1 hour 00 minutes 14 seconds ahead of GMT. (The observatory
is in the centre of Stockholm.)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I suggest SEST rather than SST or ST because other
time standards already use them (SE = the internation code for
Sweden).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The
lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the
beginning of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at the
distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English observatory at
Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west from the meridan of the
Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 16 June 1899. <BR>In short: At
0:00:00 January 1 1900 the new standard time i Sweden is 1:00:00 ahead of
GMT.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have photo copies of these laws. If you like I
can scan them and mail them to you.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>Now the summertimes.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling
1916, no 124") states, that "May 15 1916 is considered to begin one hour
earlier". It is pretty obviuos that at 23:00 May 14 the clocks are set to 0:00
May 15 (thus the timezone file is correct).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Further the law says, that "September 30 1916 is
considered to end one our later". This is a most ambigous statement.<BR>One way
to interprete this: At 0:00 October 1 the clocks are set back to 23:00 Sept 30.
But in practice it appears that the changes somehow involved 1:00 on October
1.<BR>A news report I recently found is not clear on what exactly happened
except that 1:00 October 1 is involved. The text report about trains standing
still for one hour in the night and is written in a way that invistes two
interpretations:<BR>1. At 0:00 October 1 the trains stop and stand still for one
hour, and then the clock is set to 0:00 summertime October 1 and the trains
continue the journey.<BR>2. At 1:00 October 1 the trains stop, the clock is set
back to 0:00, and when it again is 1:00 summertime the trains move again.<BR>I
am sorry I have not been able to get this matter crystal clear. I live close to
a university so I hope I will able able to find sometime more useful
there.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>The rules given in the timezone file for the
summertimes from 1980 onwards have the correct dates, but I am afraid the times
are incorrect. The laws regulating summertime explicitly states that, when
summertime begins, the clocks are set forward from 2:00 to 3:00 in the night.
When summertime ends, the clocks are set back from 3:00 to 2:00 in the night.
So, the time 1:00:00 is in no way involved in the summertime changes in Sweden
nowadays. The laws regulating this are available on the site of the Swedish
Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980 - 1984 is not
available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available in
Swedish):<BR><A
href="http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp">http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp</A>
<BR>(type "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
the Sök-button).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I really appreciate <FONT face=Arial size=2>your
excellent work compiling all that time information from all around the world.
</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>/Ivan Nilsson</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
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