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<p><font face="Verdana">Yes Greg, <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">They may be layers involved, but it </font><font
face="Verdana">must </font><font face="Verdana">also be
remembered that these layers are not independent of one another
-- there is a strong hierarchy involved. Especially, public law
of applicable public law jurisdiction will triumph what is put
in an contract and its interpretation by any given "choice of
law". <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">It s therefore more important to consider
the application of public law jurisdiction and how it impacts
ICANN's policy processes.... <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">There may be other issues on the private law
side, but they are secondary to the above key one.</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">parminder</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana"></font><br>
</p>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On Saturday 08 April 2017 06:48 AM,
Greg Shatan wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CA+aOHUQeQ=NEbHMmp4aBtM0pfSa_SLkS5gF_OJ1drPEFtNUcJA@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
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<div class="gmail_default"
style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">
<div class="gmail_default">All,</div>
<div class="gmail_default"><br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default">I think it would be helpful to
remind ourselves of the "Multiple Layers of Jurisdiction"
set out in Work Stream 1. It would also be helpful to be
accurate, specific and clear which layer one is referring to
when talking about "jurisdiction," or the effect(s) of
"jurisdiction." </div>
<div class="gmail_default"><br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default">The word "jurisdiction" is being
used very loosely in some of our discussions. It is not
particularly helpful to use the term "jurisdiction" vaguely
or ambiguously, or as if it were a monolithic concept.</div>
<div class="gmail_default"><br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default">Here is a summary of the "Multiple
Layers of Jurisdiction," adapted from the Subgroup's working
document of the same name (underlined text is the suggested
short name for the layer):</div>
<div class="gmail_default"><br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default">
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpFirst"><b><span
style="color:black">MULTIPLE LAYERS OF JURISDICTION</span></b></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">1.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Jurisdiction of <u>Incorporation</u></span></b><span
style="color:black">.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The jurisdiction in which an entity
is legally incorporated.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">2.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Jurisdiction of <u>Headquarters
Location</u>.</span></b><span style="color:black"></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The jurisdiction in which an
entity’s headquarters is physically located.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">3.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Jurisdiction of other places of <u>physical
presence</u>.</span></b><span style="color:black"></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">Other places where an entity
maintains an ongoing physical presence<u> </u>sufficient
to subject the entity and its actions to some or all of
the laws of that jurisdiction (as Incorporation and
Headquarters Jurisdiction do).</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">b.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">This may also determine whether an
entity can be subject to suit in the courts of that
jurisdiction (i.e., “<u>personal jurisdiction</u>”).</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">4.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Jurisdiction for the law to be
used in interpretation of contracts, etc. (<u>Governing
Law/Choice of Law</u>) and actions of the Empowered
Community.</span></b><span style="color:black"></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The jurisdiction whose laws will be
used to interpret the rights and responsibilities of
parties to a contract, whether in the normal course of
business or during a dispute (e.g., litigation,
arbitration or other dispute resolution mechanism). </span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">b.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">More broadly, the substantive law to
be applied during a litigation, arbitration or other
dispute resolution mechanism.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">c.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">In matters involving agreements, the
governing law may have been specified in the agreement
(e.g., in a “choice of law” clause). </span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">d.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">If no governing law is specified or
in non-contract cases, the governing law will be
determined by the judge, panel or other decision-maker
using principles of “conflicts of laws”, typically after
submissions by the parties.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">5.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Jurisdiction for the physical
location of litigation of disputes (<u>Venue</u>)</span></b><span
style="color:black">.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The forum in which the dispute will
be heard:</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.75in"><span style="color:black">i)<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The type of proceeding (e.g.,
litigation (including the type of court), arbitration
(including the provider/rules), IRP, etc.).</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.75in"><span style="color:black">ii)<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The provider of that proceeding
(e.g., Federal or national court, state or local court,
an arbitration provider, etc.).</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.75in"><span style="color:black">iii)<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">The physical location (if any) in
which the proceeding will take place (e.g., the country,
state/province, city, etc.).</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.75in"><span style="color:black">iv)<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">A separate but related concept is “<u>subject
matter jurisdiction</u>” (i.e., whether the court or
other forum has the power to hear a case about a
particular type of subject matter)</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">6.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Relationships with national
jurisdictions for particular domestic issues.</span></b><span
style="color:black"></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">This “layer” was listed as one of
the layers of jurisdiction in Annex 12.</span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.25in"><span style="color:black">7.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><b><span
style="color:black">Meeting NTIA requirements.</span></b><span
style="color:black"></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNormalCxSpMiddle"
style="margin-left:0.5in"><span style="color:black">a.<span
style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"times
new roman""> </span></span><span
style="color:black">This “layer” was listed as one of
the layers of jurisdiction in Annex 12.</span></p>
<div><font color="#000000">We should make a conspicuous
effort to relate any discussions of "jurisdiction" back
to the specific "layer(s)" of jurisdiction we are
referring to. This will help us have more effective
discussions and to produce more useful output from those
discussions.</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">Greg</font></div>
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