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<div>Fwiw, to the extent that US courts have in rem jurisdiction over domain names, my recollection is that is a function of very specific anti-squatting trademark law and is extremely unlikely to apply to ccTLDs.</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 9pt;">J. Beckwith Burr</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:
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</span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:
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</span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
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yes">
</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
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</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
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1775 Pennsylvania Avenue NW DC 20006</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;
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</span><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:#21AF10;
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</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;
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</span><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;
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yes">
</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
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<span style="font-weight:bold">From: </span><<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org">ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org</a>> on behalf of "<a href="mailto:Jorge.Cancio@bakom.admin.ch">Jorge.Cancio@bakom.admin.ch</a>" <<a href="mailto:Jorge.Cancio@bakom.admin.ch">Jorge.Cancio@bakom.admin.ch</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Tuesday, August 22, 2017 at 4:54 AM<br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">To: </span>"<a href="mailto:jordan@internetnz.net.nz">jordan@internetnz.net.nz</a>" <<a href="mailto:jordan@internetnz.net.nz">jordan@internetnz.net.nz</a>>, "<a href="mailto:thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br">thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br</a>"
<<a href="mailto:thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br">thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br</a>>, "<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org">ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org</a>" <<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org">ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>[EXTERNAL] Re: [Ws2-jurisdiction] ISSUE: In rem Jurisdiction over ccTLDs<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Jordan and all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I do not think that the issue proposed and the CCNSO process and safeguards are mutually exclusive.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Kind regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Jorge
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Von:</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">
<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org">ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org</a> [<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org">mailto:ws2-jurisdiction-bounces@icann.org</a>]
<b>Im Auftrag von </b>Jordan Carter<br>
<b>Gesendet:</b> Dienstag, 22. August 2017 11:59<br>
<b>An:</b> Thiago Braz Jardim Oliveira <<a href="mailto:thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br">thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br</a>>; ws2-jurisdiction <<a href="mailto:ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org">ws2-jurisdiction@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Betreff:</b> Re: [Ws2-jurisdiction] ISSUE: In rem Jurisdiction over ccTLDs<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Thiago, dear all,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Dispute resolution regarding ccTLD matters is currently the subject of a PDP in the ccNSO. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">This isn't the perfect link but does give some info:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.icann.org_public-2Dcomments_ccnso-2Dpdp-2Dretirement-2Dreview-2D2017-2D05-2D24-2Den&d=DwMGaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=6UMw5W3o6Xx5QJKKIUurAnSRhv7XWWGu4c3ho3etkBY&s=wLQxqkwvhqeqyjWE8leDJdAQ32Q2O5qdN5z2FjU9LU0&e=">https://www.icann.org/public-comments/ccnso-pdp-retirement-review-2017-05-24-en</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">While the existence of the PDP does not prevent this sub-group of the CCWG discussing this matter, my understanding of ICANN's bylaws is that the Board would not be able to accept any WS2 recommendation on this subject. That is a hard
won protection of our ccTLD independence that has been a feature of the ICANN system since the ccNSO was formed.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">As such, the Jurisdiction group may prefer to focus its effort and energy on matters where implementable recommendations can be made by the CCWG.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hope this helps,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Jordan <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Tue, 22 Aug 2017 at 1:32 PM, Thiago Braz Jardim Oliveira <<a href="mailto:thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br">thiago.jardim@itamaraty.gov.br</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Dear All,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">For your consideration:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Issue 3: In rem Jurisdiction over ccTLDs<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Description: US courts have in rem jurisdiction over domain names as a result of ICANN's place of incorporation, and US courts and US enforcement agencies could
possibly exercise its exclusive enforcement jurisdiction over ICANN to compel it to re-delegate ccTLDs. This is contrary, in particular, to paragraph 63 of the Tunis Agenda: "Countries should not be involved in decisions regarding another country's country-code
Top-Level Domain (ccTLD). Their legitimate interests, as expressed and defined by each country, in diverse ways, regarding decisions affecting their ccTLDs, need to be respected, upheld and addressed via a flexible and improved framework and mechanisms." It
is to be noted that while paragraph 63 may not state that States have sovereignty over ccTLDs, it does establish that States should not interfere with ccTLDs. Further, an obligation on States not to interfere with certain matters, as ccTLDs, need not be based
on the principle of sovereignty to exist, nor does it suppose that the matter is one subject to the sovereignty of States. For States can simply agree to limit their ability to interfere with ccTLDs delegated to other countries, and this is the principle embodied
in Paragraph 63 of the Tunis Agenda.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Proposed solution: ICANN should seek jurisdictional immunities in respect of ICANN's activities relating to the management of ccTLDs. In addition, it should be included
in ICANN Bylaws an exclusive choice of forum provision, whereby disputes relating to the management of any given ccTLD by ICANN shall be settled exclusively in the courts of the country to which the ccTLD in question refer. A similar exclusive choice of forum
clause shall be included in those contracts ICANN may have with ccTLD managers, where such a contract exists. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Best regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Thiago<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________<br>
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<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__mm.icann.org_mailman_listinfo_ws2-2Djurisdiction&d=DwMGaQ&c=MOptNlVtIETeDALC_lULrw&r=62cJFOifzm6X_GRlaq8Mo8TjDmrxdYahOP8WDDkMr4k&m=6UMw5W3o6Xx5QJKKIUurAnSRhv7XWWGu4c3ho3etkBY&s=EopAb2PVfPM02VuYSAhh7AdJA8Q6g1wK9YlBamfjwhU&e=" target="_blank">https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/ws2-jurisdiction</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
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<p class="MsoNormal">-- <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Jordan Carter | Chief Executive, InternetNZ<br>
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+64-21-442-649 | <a href="mailto:jordan@internetnz.net.nz">jordan@internetnz.net.nz</a><br>
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Sent on the run, apologies for brevity<o:p></o:p></p>
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