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<p class="MsoNormal">Many thanks Kathy and Jeff ..<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I agree with Jason and Nigel .. This exchange is extremely useful and adds to the factors that we need to consider in our discussion, the interest being served (public / commercial), the portion of the community represented, closed generics
 vs community TLDs, …etc.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Kind Regards<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">--Manal<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> gnso-gac-closed-generics <gnso-gac-closed-generics-bounces@icann.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Merritt, Jason (ISED/ISDE)<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, January 13, 2023 9:35 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Nigel Hickson <nigel.hickson@dcms.gov.uk>; Jeff Neuman <jeff@jjnsolutions.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [gnso-gac-closed-generics] Kathy's Use Cases<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Hello all!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Agree, this is a really interesting discussion topic. In my mind it adds more questions and cautious considerations around the complexities of trying to stretch the public interest framework around ‘specific groups’…
 especially when you consider the existing models of community TLDs and restricted/verifiable TLDs.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Nonetheless, the community objection model gives a good frame of reference and precedent for how to build in some safeguards during the application process. A cornerstone of any closed generic framework will have to include
 some type of objection mechanism (and obviously some clear guidance for applicants and assessment criteria).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Kind regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Jason<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Jason Merritt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Sr. Policy Advisor, Telecommunications and Internet Policy Branch<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada / Government of Canada<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><a href="mailto:Jason.Merritt@ised-isde.gc.ca">Jason.Merritt@ised-isde.gc.ca</a> / Tel: 343-571-9775 / TTY: 1-866-694-8389
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:black">Conseiller(ère) en politiques princ., Direction generale des politiques de telecommunications et d'Internet<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:black">Innovation, Sciences et Développement</span><span lang="FR-CA">
<span style="color:black">économique Canada / Gouvernement du Canada<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:black"><a href="mailto:Jason.Merritt@ised-isde.gc.ca">Jason.Merritt@ised-isde.gc.ca</a> / Tél. : 343-571-9775 / ATS : 1-866-694-8389</span><span lang="FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> gnso-gac-closed-generics <<a href="mailto:gnso-gac-closed-generics-bounces@icann.org">gnso-gac-closed-generics-bounces@icann.org</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nigel Hickson via gnso-gac-closed-generics<br>
<b>Sent:</b> January 13, 2023 9:50 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Jeff Neuman <<a href="mailto:jeff@jjnsolutions.com">jeff@jjnsolutions.com</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org">gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [gnso-gac-closed-generics] Kathy's Use Cases<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Colleagues <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Good afternoon, I found this dialogue very interesting and useful.  We need, I believe, to be very clear what a Community application is and what a closed generic application is.  As our examples in the (really useful)
 "User Case" work has shown us, there may be public interest issues for an application but there may also be commercial / business issues as Jeff has ariculted.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">best<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Nigel <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">On Fri, 13 Jan 2023 at 04:00, Jeff Neuman <<a href="mailto:jeff@jjnsolutions.com" target="_blank">jeff@jjnsolutions.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Thank you for this Kathy.  But the criteria you have given are for "Community TLDs" which is not synonymous with a closed generic.    If a community wanted to operate for the benefit of that community, it would not need
 this new "closed generic" category.  It would simply apply as a community.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">If your use case is that the US Polo Association that applied as a community for .polo said it represents the entire polo community, but it will only allow registrations by the US Polo Association members and no one else,
 then that in theory could be a "Closed Generic", but by definition it would fail a community analysis because the eligibility requirements for a string are not reasonably related to the community (which is polo in general).   Stated another way, operating
 as closed generic does not benefit the community necessarily, but rather benefits the organization and its users (which may be some of the community, but not all).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">My point is that we should not be using the community criteria in the closed generic discussion.  They are two separate concepts that need to be destinct.  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">I would encourage us to look more at the proposed use of the TLD and how a closed generic can be used in a manner that can serve a public interest goal.  Focusing on the WHO I believe takes us down a rabbit hole in my
 view.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">In that vein it occurred to me that we have spent a lot of time on the who because our examples were all established institutions, associations, IGOs, etc.  But today I came up with a cool Closed Generic idea which I
 have much more flushed out.  But the short version is this:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">I start a company to compete with <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http*3A*2F*2Fancestry.com*2F&data=05*7C01*7Cjason.merritt*40ised-isde.gc.ca*7Cf9eb5b0542774895500708daf5758951*7Cb72ac62f06d54cd5824eee92319a4676*7C0*7C0*7C638092182680724562*7CUnknown*7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0*3D*7C3000*7C*7C*7C&sdata=OVqD6j66xKzF4z023wfhsmE2cbOoydBNEuR3yOcPsQ0*3D&reserved=0__;JSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSU!!JSZLGTNg!Tz-pjOlRhW1dHF8QvE_v1oUQps20nRBnACo46_tsXSq_RLvAzPLZ_Hb022Cf_E6X4I_34RFVU3G2YT_2z_GqvIoL3gKvZRU$" target="_blank">
ancestry.com</a> and I want a TLD for .familytree.  I set up a portal that is able to aggregate data from each of the DNA/genealogy services, census data, newspapers, cemeteries, etc. when a user signs up for my service and consents to link their accounts to
 those other services.  I set up my family tree on neuman.familytree and I grant access to whomever I want to be able to see my data, but also where applicable to import portions of my family tree into theirs and I can export their family tree data into mine.
   So my aunt/uncle/cousins whose last name is Lynn has Lynn.familytree where I can find their data and import the potions that relate to my family tree.  Domain Names are only owned by my company that licenses the use of the .familytree domain names to paid
 subscribers of my service.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">This example has some unique aspects that we previously have not really focused on:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3">
<span lang="EN-CA"> The benefit to the registry is purely commercial<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3">
<span lang="EN-CA">I am a new start up business and not an association or large commercial player<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3">
<span lang="EN-CA">Benefits are accrued to my members because they are satisfied customers and can easily enable others to find them (when they want to be found).<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"> Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Jeffrey J. Neuman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">Founder & CEO<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">JJN Solutions, LLC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><a href="mailto:Jeff@JJNSolutions.com">Jeff@JJNSolutions.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">+1.202.549.5079<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http*3A*2F*2Fwww.jjnsolutions.com*2F&data=05*7C01*7Cjason.merritt*40ised-isde.gc.ca*7Cf9eb5b0542774895500708daf5758951*7Cb72ac62f06d54cd5824eee92319a4676*7C0*7C0*7C638092182680724562*7CUnknown*7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0*3D*7C3000*7C*7C*7C&sdata=l9UVj4YmPef9ni4TIC2lzSTyPV*2F4iy18tVK47DsYzHw*3D&reserved=0__;JSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUl!!JSZLGTNg!Tz-pjOlRhW1dHF8QvE_v1oUQps20nRBnACo46_tsXSq_RLvAzPLZ_Hb022Cf_E6X4I_34RFVU3G2YT_2z_GqvIoL8s2EGF0$" target="_blank">Http://www.jjnsolutions.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-CA">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-CA"> gnso-gac-closed-generics <<a href="mailto:gnso-gac-closed-generics-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank">gnso-gac-closed-generics-bounces@icann.org</a>> on behalf of Kathy Kleiman <<a href="mailto:Kathy@KathyKleiman.com">Kathy@KathyKleiman.com</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, January 12, 2023 10:31 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org" target="_blank">gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org</a> <<a href="mailto:gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org" target="_blank">gnso-gac-closed-generics@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [gnso-gac-closed-generics] Kathy's Use Cases <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Hi All,</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">I presented what sounded like a rather complex use case on Monday, and it’s much simpler than it sounds! The ICANN Community has already
 discussed many of terms and concepts we are pondering in our Small Group via a process called the
<i>Community Objection</i> to new gTLD applications. Let me share more details in writing<i>.</i></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Lawyers love “precedent” and there is a lot of valuable precedent in how the ICANN Community created rules to allow Communities to stop
 applications for new gTLD strings they felt involved words or terms <i>strongly associated</i> with which a group, association, set of companies, or set of organizations. Specifically, our ICANN rules allowed (and will continue to allow in future gTLD rounds)
 the filing of a Community Objection defined as follows: </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">“<b>Community Objection</b> – There is substantial opposition to the gTLD application from a significant portion of the community to which the gTLD string may be explicitly or implicitly targeted.”
<i>Applicant Guidebook 3.2.1</i> <a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000">
[1]</a></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">To challenge an Applicant’s choice of a proposed new gTLD, the group/association/company/organization had to show its qualifications
 as an <i>established institution and level of global recognition</i> and <i>ongoing relationship with a clearly delineated community</i>, and
<i>strong association between the applied-for gTLD string and the community</i>, and
<i>a likelihood of material detriment to the rights or legitimate interests of a significant portion of the community</i> if the applied-for gTLD string was delegated to the applicant(s) as registry.   </span><span lang="EN-CA">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> The International Centre for Expertise of the International Chamber of Commerce (chosen by ICANN to run these proceedings) picked an
 Expert who then decided whether the group/ association/company/organization could stop the new gTLD application.
</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> Of the Community Objections filed in the first round, the groups/associations/companies/ organizations below prevailed</span><span lang="EN-CA">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">and these are the “Use Cases” I shared on Monday:<a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000">[ii]</a>  </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">.architect</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">International Union of Architects</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">.<span style="color:black">banking</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">International Banking Federation</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:43.85pt">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">.mobile</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center"><span style="color:black">CTIA The Wireless Assoc. joined by GSMA</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">.polo</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center"><span style="color:black">US Polo Association</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">.rugby</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center"><span style="color:black">International Rugby Board (now World Rugby)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">.ski</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center"><span style="color:black">Federation International de Ski</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">                .sport</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="color:black">                           SportAccord
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">                .sports</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center"><span style="color:black">SportAccord</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><i><span lang="EN-CA"> </span></i><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">For future closed generic gTLDs, this process gives us a good model, namely that the group/association/company/organization filing for
 a closed generic gTLD should show that it is: </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span lang="EN-CA">-          an <b><i>established institution with global recognition</i></b>, and
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span lang="EN-CA">-          an <b><i>ongoing relationship with the clearly delineated community</i></b>, and
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span lang="EN-CA">-          a <b><i>strong association with the applied-for gTLD string,
</i></b>and<b><i> </i></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span lang="EN-CA">-          a clear proposal to use the gTLD for the benefit <b>
<i>of a significant portion of the community to which the string may be explicitly or implicitly targeted.</i></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-CA">(Quick note that the burden of proof must be with the group, association, company, or organization applying for a new gTLD closed generic application and they must show this proof clearly in the public portion of their application to ICANN
 and the Community.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-CA">I look forward to discussing with you!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-CA">Kathy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Background information:</span></b><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">New gTLD Applicant Guidebook Rules for Community Objections</span></b><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">(New gTLD Applicant Guidebook 2012)</span></b><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Key Terms and Criteria for Proving Them<a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000">[iii]</a> </span></b><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Below are the key terms that the group/association/companies/organizations in the table above use in their proceedings before The International
 Centre for Expertise of the International Chamber of Commerce to stop a proposed gTLD string and application.  </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">“<b><i>It is an established institution</i></b> – Factors that may be considered in making this determination include, but are not limited to:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Level of global recognition of the institution;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Length of time the institution has been in existence; and</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Public historical evidence of its existence, such as the presence of a formal charter or national or international registration, or validation by a</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">government, inter-governmental organization, or treaty. The institution must not have been established solely in conjunction with the gTLD</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">application process.” <i>Applicant Guidebook 3.2.2.4 </i></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">It has an ongoing relationship</span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">
<b>with a clearly delineated community </b>– </span></i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Factors that may be considered in making this determination include, but are not limited to:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• The presence of mechanisms for participation in activities, membership, and leadership;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Institutional purpose related to the benefit of the associated community;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Performance of regular activities that benefit the associated community; and</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• The level of formal boundaries around the community.<i>
</i></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Applicant Guidebook 3.2.2.4</span></i><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">If the group met this “standing” requirement, the Expert would hear the rest of their arguments, and the Community had to show: </span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Substantial Opposition</span></i></b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> – The objector must prove substantial opposition within the community it has identified itself as representing. A panel could
 balance a number of factors to determine whether there is substantial opposition, including but not limited to:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Number of expressions of opposition relative to the composition of the community;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• The representative nature of entities expressing opposition;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Level of recognized stature or weight among sources of opposition;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Distribution or diversity among sources of expressions of opposition, including:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:1.5in"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">§</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Regional</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:1.5in"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">§</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Subsectors of community</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:1.5in"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">§</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Leadership of community</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:1.5in"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">§</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Membership of community</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Historical defense of the community in other contexts; and</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Costs incurred by objector in expressing opposition, including other channels the objector may have used to convey opposition.</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">If some opposition within the community is determined, but it does not meet the standard of substantial opposition, the objection will fail.</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">                       
<i>Applicant Guidebook 3.5.4</i></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">And
</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Targeting</span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> –
</span></i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">The objector must prove a strong association between the applied-for gTLD string and the community represented by the objector. Factors that could be balanced by a panel to determine this include but are
 not limited to:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Statements contained in application;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Other public statements by the applicant;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Associations by the public. <i>Applicant Guidebook 3.5.4</i></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">And
</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in">
<b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Detriment</span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt"> –
</span></i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">The objector must prove that the application creates a likelihood of material detriment to the rights or legitimate interests of a significant portion of the community to which the string may be explicitly
 or implicitly targeted. An allegation of detriment that consists only of the applicant being delegated the string instead of the objector will not be sufficient for a finding of material detriment. Factors that could be used by a panel in making this determination
 include but are not limited to:</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Nature and extent of damage to the reputation of the community represented by the objector that would result from the applicant’s operation of the applied-for gTLD string;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Evidence that the applicant is not acting or does not intend to act in accordance with the interests of the community or of users more widely, including evidence that the applicant has not proposed or does not intend
 to institute effective security protection for user interests;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Interference with the core activities of the community that would result from the applicant’s operation of the applied-for gTLD string;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Dependence of the community represented by the objector on the DNS for its core activities;</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Nature and extent of concrete or economic damage to the community represented by the objector that would result from the applicant’s operation of the applied-for gTLD string; and</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">• Level of certainty that alleged detrimental outcomes would occur.</span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<i><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Applicant Guidebook 3.5.4</span></i><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">(text also attached as Word doc)<br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA">
<hr size="1" width="33%" align="left">
</span></div>
</div>
<div id="m_4289592635779327616m_-3882541945100063283edn1">
<p><span lang="EN-CA"><a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">[1]</span></a></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:9.0pt"> 3.2.1 Grounds for Objection, gTLD Applicant Guidebook, Module
 3, <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https*3A*2F*2Fnewgtlds.icann.org*2Fsites*2Fdefault*2Ffiles*2Fobjection-procedures-04jun12-en.pdf&data=05*7C01*7Cjason.merritt*40ised-isde.gc.ca*7Cf9eb5b0542774895500708daf5758951*7Cb72ac62f06d54cd5824eee92319a4676*7C0*7C0*7C638092182680724562*7CUnknown*7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0*3D*7C3000*7C*7C*7C&sdata=9saCiulyK6OE9Qw0g5EZU21c0EPNPXuLMIDYaV9VCnY*3D&reserved=0__;JSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSU!!JSZLGTNg!Tz-pjOlRhW1dHF8QvE_v1oUQps20nRBnACo46_tsXSq_RLvAzPLZ_Hb022Cf_E6X4I_34RFVU3G2YT_2z_GqvIoLVrm4Ydg$" target="_blank">
https://newgtlds.icann.org/sites/default/files/objection-procedures-04jun12-en.pdf</a></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="m_4289592635779327616m_-3882541945100063283edn2">
<p><span lang="EN-CA"><a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">[ii]</span></a> ICC: ICANN New gTLD Dispute Resolution,
<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https*3A*2F*2Ficcwbo.org*2Fdispute-resolution-services*2Ficann-gtld-process*2Fexpert-determinations*2F&data=05*7C01*7Cjason.merritt*40ised-isde.gc.ca*7Cf9eb5b0542774895500708daf5758951*7Cb72ac62f06d54cd5824eee92319a4676*7C0*7C0*7C638092182680724562*7CUnknown*7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0*3D*7C3000*7C*7C*7C&sdata=935Y*2BmDKkeblaeh0zHGxEVFhVXFokMqAe7BAd*2B4BkDo*3D&reserved=0__;JSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJQ!!JSZLGTNg!Tz-pjOlRhW1dHF8QvE_v1oUQps20nRBnACo46_tsXSq_RLvAzPLZ_Hb022Cf_E6X4I_34RFVU3G2YT_2z_GqvIoLyLiEBAk$" target="_blank">
https://iccwbo.org/dispute-resolution-services/icann-gtld-process/expert-determinations/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div id="m_4289592635779327616m_-3882541945100063283edn3">
<p><span lang="EN-CA"><a href="#m_4289592635779327616_m_-38825419451000"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">[iii]</span></a><a name="m_4289592635779327616_m_-388254194510006"></a>
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:9.0pt">New gTLD Applicant Guidebook 4 June 2012, Module 3 Objection Procedures,
<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https*3A*2F*2Fnewgtlds.icann.org*2Fen*2Fapplicants*2Fagb&data=05*7C01*7Cjason.merritt*40ised-isde.gc.ca*7Cf9eb5b0542774895500708daf5758951*7Cb72ac62f06d54cd5824eee92319a4676*7C0*7C0*7C638092182680724562*7CUnknown*7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0*3D*7C3000*7C*7C*7C&sdata=2Z2gbrkQ*2BxFQvqdmcFUX1IGtlvfoBRTjTPUJMW3G3yw*3D&reserved=0__;JSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSUlJSU!!JSZLGTNg!Tz-pjOlRhW1dHF8QvE_v1oUQps20nRBnACo46_tsXSq_RLvAzPLZ_Hb022Cf_E6X4I_34RFVU3G2YT_2z_GqvIoLcQToVLg$" target="_blank">
https://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicants/agb</a></span><span lang="EN-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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