Leap second announcement; updated "leapsecond" file
Arthur David Olson
ado
Tue Feb 2 20:03:24 UTC 1993
A leap second announcement from the USNO is attached;
as well as a shar-format version of an updated "leapseconds" file.
You'll now find "tzdata93b.tar.Z" on elsie.nci.nih.gov; the only change to it
from "tzdata93.tar.Z" is the updated "leapseconds" file.
--ado
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> From: LANG at unb.ca
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> Subject: Leap Second Announcement from USNO
> Message-Id: <ID3951.D930202.T151859.LANG at unb.ca>
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> X-Reply-To: Richard Langley <lang at JUPITER.SUN.CSD.UNB.CA>
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> X-From: Richard Langley <lang at JUPITER.SUN.CSD.UNB.CA>
> Subject: Leap Second Announcement from USNO
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> File SER14 -- <930201.1735>
>
>
>
> U.S. NAVAL OBSERVATORY
> WASHINGTON, DC 20392-5420
>
> February 1, 1993
> No. 55
>
> TIME SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT SERIES 14
>
> UTC TIME STEP
>
> 1. The International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) has announced the
> Introduction of a time step to occur at the end of June 1993.
>
> 2. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) will be retarded by 1.0s so that the
> sequence of dates of the UTC markers will be:
>
> 1993 June 30 23h 59m 59s
> 1993 June 30 23h 59m 60s
> 1993 July 01 0h 0m 0s
>
> 3. The difference between UTC and International Atomic Time TAI is:
>
> from 1992 Jul 1, 0h UTC, to 1993 Jul.1, 0h UTC: TAI-UTC = +27s
> from 1993 Jul 1, 0h UTC, until further notice: TAI-UTC = +28s
>
> 4. The insertion of one leap second will be evident by the change of
> sign of the DUT1 correction which will become positive. Extrapolated
> values of DUT1 are distributed weekly in the IERS Bulletin A (Time
> Service Announcement Series 7).
>
> 5. All coordinated time scales will be affected by this adjustment.
> However, the Loran-C, GPS and OMEGA systems will not be adjusted
> physically. Tables of Coincidence (Time Service Announcement Series 9)
> will be issued for Loran-C. For GPS, the leap second correction
> contained within the UTC data of subframe 4, page 18 of the navigation
> message transmitted by the satellite will change.
>
> Before the leap second
>
> GPS-UTC = +8s (i.e., GPS is ahead of UTC by eight seconds).
>
> After the leap second
>
> GPS-UTC = +9s (i.e., GPS will be ahead of UTC by nine seconds).
>
> The OMEGA Reference Ephoch (ORE) will change - that is, from 1 July
> 1993 (after the leap second) the OMEGA system will operate with the
> the beginning of segment one on seconds 42, 52, 02, 12, 22, and 32 of
> each minute.
>
> GERNOT M. R. WINKLER
> Director
> Time Service Department
>
> via:
> ==============================================================================
> Richard B. Langley Internet: LANG at UNB.CA or SE at UNB.CA
> Geodetic Research Laboratory BITnet: LANG at UNB or SE at UNB
> Dept. of Surveying Engineering Phone: (506) 453-5142
> University of New Brunswick FAX: (506) 453-4943
> Fredericton, N.B., Canada E3B 5A3 Telex: 014-46202
> ==============================================================================
> --------------------- End of forwarded message ---------------------
: To unbundle, sh this file
echo file 'leapseconds' >&2
cat >'leapseconds' <<'End of leapseconds'
# @(#)leapseconds 7.6
# Allowance for leapseconds added to each timezone file.
# The International Earth Rotation Service periodically uses leap seconds
# to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of TAI (atomic time); see
# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,
# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905.
# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism
# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation
# did not exist until the early 1970s.
# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so lines
# will typically look like:
# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:60 + R/S
# or
# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:59 - R/S
# If the leapsecond is Rolling (R) the given time is local time
# If the leapsecond is Stationary (S) the given time is GMT
# Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S
Leap 1972 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1972 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1973 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1974 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1975 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1976 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1977 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1978 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1979 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1981 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1982 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1983 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1985 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1987 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1989 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1990 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1992 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
Leap 1993 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
End of leapseconds
exit
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