proposed tz changes for Paraguay, Brazil, Wayne County, etc.
Paul Eggert
eggert at twinsun.com
Tue Oct 3 16:41:23 UTC 2000
Here are all the patches for the tz data that I've been accumulating
since August. The most pressing changes are those for Brazil,
Paraguay, and Wayne County, Kentucky. I haven't had time to
incorporate all the changes that I'd like for historical timestamps,
or for some new Zones for slightly different rules in Canada (notably
for New Brunswick), but we need a new version right away for Paraguay
at least.
Changes affecting present or future time stamps:
* Paraguay started observing DST on 10-01. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen
for this info.)
* Brazil observes DST from 10-29 to 02-18 this summer.
(Thanks to everyone who reported this.)
* Add a Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello for Wayne County, KY, which
is switching to Eastern Time on 10-29. (Thanks to Rich Wales
and Rives McDow for this info.)
* Add a link America/Kentucky/Louisville -> America/Louisville, for
symmetry with Monticello.
* Lord Howe changes its clocks at the same absolute time as NSW.
(Thanks to James Lonergan via Jesper Norgaard for this info.)
* Newfoundland switches to and from DST at 00:01 local time, not 02:00.
Manitoba switches from DST at 03:00 local time, not 02:00.
Source: <http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html>
* The following Zone names have been changed to reflect typical
English usage these days. The old names are in the `backward' file
and so will continue to work in the typical case where you have
backward-compatibility enabled.
Asia/Thimbu -> Asia/Thimphu
Asia/Ashkhabad -> Asia/Ashgabat
(Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen for this info.)
Changes affecting past time stamps only
* Abbreviations for US daylight saving times between 1945-08-14 23:00
UTC and 1945-09-30 02:00 LT are now suffixed "PT" for "Peace Time",
not "WT" for "War Time". This matches historical practice in US
radio broadcasts. We don't know about about 1919's "War Time", so
we'll leave it alone for now. (Thanks to Arthur David Olson for
this info.)
Changes affecting commentary only
* Add a rule in `Theory' advising not to change established names if they
only marginally violate the other rules, and to put old names in `backward'.
* Update several links in tz-link.htm, notably:
- The Burbs converter is renamed to tick2tock.com.
- Distinguish between the Time Service and the Astronomical Applications
departments of the USNO.
- iata.org -> www.iata.org
- The CIA renamed (and presumably updated) its time zone map.
- Add a link to www.worldtimeserver.com.
- Give a link to the full text of McCarthy and Klepczynski's proposal
to remove leap seconds. This proposal is now being considered by the IAU.
* Bahrain: Al-Manamah -> Al Manamah
* China: Added the following alternate spellings, mostly pinyin:
Haerbin, Chongqing, Urumchi, Kashi, Kaxgar, Xianggang, Macau, Aomen
* Cyprus: Nicosia is now listed under Europe as well as under Asia.
* Greenland: Ittoqqortoormiit was misspelled. Clarify that Thule is the base.
* Iraq: Fixed a typo that caused the initials to be "ADT" all year long.
* Kyrgyzstan: Name of country changed from "Kirgizstan".
* Laos: Added Viangchan as an alternate spelling for Vientiane.
* Qatar: Added Doha as an alternate spelling for Al Dawhah.
* Syria: Added Dimashq as an alternate spelling for Damascus.
* US: Add comments roughly identifying the extent of each Zone.
Rives McDow reports that the following changes have occurred in the
US since 1985. I haven't had time to create proper Zone entries for
them yet, but I added his comments.
- Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
- Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
- West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
- There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking
to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties
(Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest
a change would be effective is October 2001.
* Canada: Mention H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's nice article
<http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm> about actual vs
legal time zones in Canada.
Mention INMS, which attempts to document current practice in Canada,
inspired (I think) by Matthews and Vincent's article.
Mention INMS's claim that New Brunswick switches at 00:01, not 02:00.
(We need a new Zone for this, but I haven't had time yet to verify it.)
Clarify that the America/St_Johns Zone includes southeast Labrador,
including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding Black
Tickle.
Matthews and Vincent verified that Atikokan observes CST all year,
and say also that Pickle Lake and New Osnaburgh are the same. They
also say that far east Quebec observes AST. (We may need new Zones
for these cases.) They also write that Big Trout Lake observes
CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
violation of the official Ontario rules; and that the rules are also
not observed by other far east Quebecois, by Denare Beach and
Creighton, Saskatchewan, and by Creston, BC. Include commentary
about this too, as well as their (now-dated) commentary about Alert
and Eureka, Nunavut and other far-flung places in the north.
(Thanks to Rob Douglas of the INMS for the pointer to Matthews and
Vincent.)
* Australia:
Twin Towns Services Club (in Tweed Heads, near the Queensland border)
will maintain Queensland time. (Thanks to Eric Ulevik for this.)
* UK: The BBC used `DBST', not `BDST', during the war. (Thanks
to Joseph S. Meyers for this.)
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/asia,v
retrieving revision 2000.5
retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1
--- asia 2000/07/31 13:26:42 2000.5
+++ asia 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.5.0.1
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
# Bahrain
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah
+Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
# Bhutan
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15
+Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928
+Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time
8:00 - CST 1940
9:00 - HART 1966 May
@@ -205,17 +205,17 @@ Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928
Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
8:00 PRC C%sT
-Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928
+Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chongqing
7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time
8:00 PRC C%sT
-Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
+Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
8:00 PRC C%sT
-Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928
+Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
5:00 - KAST 1980 May
8:00 PRC C%sT
-# Hong Kong
+# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896
8:00 Taiwan C%sT
-# Macao
+# Macao (Macau, Aomen)
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
@@ -302,6 +302,10 @@ Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov
2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
+# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
+Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
+
# Georgia
# From Paul Eggert <eggert at twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
@@ -483,7 +487,7 @@ Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s
# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
-Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D
+Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
@@ -774,7 +778,7 @@ Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May
5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun
4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
-# Kirgizstan
+# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -830,7 +834,7 @@ Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
# Laos
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
+Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
7:00 - ICT 1912 May
8:00 - ICT 1931 May
@@ -1086,7 +1090,7 @@ Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844
# Qatar
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah
+Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
@@ -1175,7 +1179,7 @@ Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920
+Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
2:00 Syria EE%sT
# Tajikistan
@@ -1196,7 +1200,7 @@ Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
# Turkmenistan
# From Shanks.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat
+Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/australasia,v
retrieving revision 2000.6
retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1
--- australasia 2000/08/10 13:31:51 2000.6
+++ australasia 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1
@@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
-Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
-Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 0:30 -
-Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
-Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
-Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
-Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:30s 0 -
+Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:30s 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:30s 0 -
+Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:30s 0 -
+Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:30s 0:30 -
+Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 -
Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
10:30 LH LHST
@@ -823,6 +823,11 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken
# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics.
+# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29:
+# Twin Towns Services Club (in Tweed Heads, near the Queensland border)
+# will maintain Queensland time. The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie
+# is encouraging northern NSW towns to use Queensland time.
+
# Yancowinna
# From John Basser (1989-01-04):
@@ -863,8 +868,17 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will
# however always coincide with the rest of NSW.
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-31):
-# For Lord Howe we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter.
+# From Jesper Norgaard <jnorgard at Prodigy.net.mx> (2000-09-04):
+# James Lonergan said that the island always tries to stay in sync
+# with the rest of NSW at all time except for the fact that they stay
+# ahead half an hour when DST is not observed. If this is interpreted
+# literally, they should change clocks at the exact moment that
+# e.g. Canberra changes from normal to daylight saving and vice versa.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# For Lord Howe we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter,
+# However, as per Norgaard we modify Shanks by assuming 02:30s switchover
+# for half-hour DST.
###############################################################################
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/backward,v
retrieving revision 2000.1
retrieving revision 2000.1.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.1 -r2000.1.0.1
--- backward 2000/01/18 14:21:21 2000.1
+++ backward 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.1.0.1
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada
Link America/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne
Link America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN
Link America/St_Thomas America/Virgin
+Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad
Link Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Tel_Aviv
+Link Asia/Thimphu Asia/Thimbu
Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator
Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT
Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/europe,v
retrieving revision 2000.6
retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1
--- europe 2000/08/10 13:31:36 2000.6
+++ europe 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1
@@ -164,7 +164,26 @@
# main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516)
# agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945).
-# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST'; let's assume this is a typo.
+# From Joseph S. Meyers (2000-08-10):
+# On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir
+# Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any
+# official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't
+# but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British
+# Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally.
+# I've put a copy of the Home Office letter at
+# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png
+# and the BBC letter may follow if I get permission from the BBC.
+
+# From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21):
+# [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time
+# which is to be introduced in May....
+# I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time"
+# which could not be said to run counter to any official description.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common
+# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first,
+# so we use `BDST'.
# Peter Ilieve <peter at aldie.co.uk> (1998-04-19) described at length
# the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom.
@@ -705,14 +724,14 @@ Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:
Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormit
+Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
-2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
-1:00 EU EG%sT
Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
-3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-3:00 EU WG%sT
-Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik
+Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
-4:00 Thule A%sT
# Estonia
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/iso3166.tab,v
retrieving revision 1999.8
retrieving revision 1999.8.0.1
diff -pu -r1999.8 -r1999.8.0.1
--- iso3166.tab 1999/11/08 22:27:22 1999.8
+++ iso3166.tab 2000/10/03 06:01:09 1999.8.0.1
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ JM Jamaica
JO Jordan
JP Japan
KE Kenya
-KG Kirgizstan
+KG Kyrgyzstan
KH Cambodia
KI Kiribati
KM Comoros
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v
retrieving revision 2000.5
retrieving revision 2000.5.0.2
diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.2
--- northamerica 2000/07/31 13:26:41 2000.5
+++ northamerica 2000/10/03 06:41:08 2000.5.0.2
@@ -58,10 +58,36 @@
# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
+# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
+# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
+# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
+# An AltaVista search turned up
+# <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
+# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
+# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
+# </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
+
+# From Joseph Gallant <notquite at hotmail.com>, citing
+# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
+# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
+# to switch to London for Atlee's address, but the American people
+# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
+# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
+# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
+# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
+# London which were to precede Mr. Atlee's speech.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1919.
+# In the light of the above, this seems suspect;
+# but we have no better authority yet.
+
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War
Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -150,6 +176,13 @@ Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00
# Go with Shanks.
# US Eastern time, represented by New York
+
+# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
+# Georgia, far southeastern Indiana, eastern Kentucky, Maine,
+# Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North
+# Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern
+# Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
@@ -165,6 +198,13 @@ Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 188
-5:00 US E%sT
# US Central time, represented by Chicago
+
+# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle, Illinois, western Indiana
+# corners, Iowa, most of Kansas, western Kentucky, Louisiana,
+# Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern Nebraska, eastern North
+# Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, western Tennessee, most of
+# Texas, Wisconsin
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
@@ -183,6 +223,11 @@ Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883
-6:00 US C%sT
# US Mountain time, represented by Denver
+#
+# Colorado, southern Idaho, far western Kansas, Montana, western
+# Nebraska, New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
+# western South Dakota, far western Texas, Utah, Wyoming
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
@@ -198,6 +243,9 @@ Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883
-7:00 US M%sT
# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
+#
+# California, northern Idaho, Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
@@ -390,6 +438,7 @@ Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LM
-5:00 - EST
# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
+# This also includes a part of Indiana immediately adjacent to Louisville.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
@@ -408,16 +457,9 @@ Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1
-5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
-6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
-5:00 US E%sT
+Link America/Louisville America/Kentucky/Louisville
+#
# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
-# From
-# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=99-26945-filed">
-# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945
-# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04)
-# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court,
-# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County,
-# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now
-# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is
-# October 29, 2000.
#
# From
# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
@@ -430,6 +472,36 @@ Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1
# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
# location in the Central time zone.
+#
+# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
+# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
+# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
+# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See:
+# <a href="http://www.nandotimes.com/nation/story/body/0,1037,500244845-500362432-502132762-0,00.html">
+# Sara Shipley, the difference an hour makes (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400)
+# </a>
+Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 - CST 1968
+ -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
+# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
+# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
+# previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
+# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
+# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
+# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
+# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
+# There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking
+# to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties
+# (Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest
+# a change would be effective is October 2001.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# FIXME: I haven't yet had time to incorporate all the above changes.
# Michigan
#
@@ -558,8 +630,20 @@ Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
# From Paul Eggert <eggert at twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
-# The data for Canada are all from Shanks.
+# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
+# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
+# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
+# </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
+# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
+#
+# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
+# <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
+# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
+# </a> (updated periodically).
+# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -571,7 +655,13 @@ Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00
Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-# Newfoundland (except Labrador)
+# Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
+# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
+# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
+# but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -601,10 +691,14 @@ Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00
Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD
-Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
+# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
+Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
+Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
@@ -612,7 +706,7 @@ Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 188
-3:30 StJohns N%sT
-# east Labrador
+# most of east Labrador
# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -633,6 +727,11 @@ Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 18
# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
+# at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
+
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
@@ -707,6 +806,17 @@ Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 19
# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
+# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
+# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
+# violation of the official Ontario rules.
+# They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
+# observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
+# and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
+# We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
+# but we don't know when their practices started.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
@@ -774,8 +884,12 @@ Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0
Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
+# DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
+Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
-6:00 Winn C%sT
@@ -783,10 +897,12 @@ Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 188
# Saskatchewan
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
+# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
# From W. Jones <jones at skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
@@ -874,9 +990,10 @@ Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 190
# British Columbia
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -960,6 +1077,18 @@ Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT
# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
+# for these potential new Zones.
+#
+# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
+# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
+# zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
+# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
+# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
+# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
+# required to use daylight savings.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v
retrieving revision 2000.6
retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1
--- southamerica 2000/08/10 13:31:37 2000.6
+++ southamerica 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:0
Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
#
# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
-# We just checked with our San Paulo office and they say the government of
+# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
#
@@ -250,11 +250,15 @@ Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
# Brazilian official page
# </a>
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1998-10-29):
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
+# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
+# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
+# </a> (in Portuguese).
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
@@ -364,11 +368,15 @@ Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
-# adds SE, AL, PE, PR, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
+# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
+Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
+# adopted by the same states as before.
# These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses
# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
-Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -578,7 +586,11 @@ Rule Para 1996 1998 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:
# go with Shanks.
Rule Para 1999 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10.
-Rule Para 1999 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1999 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
+# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
+# (10-01).
+Rule Para 2000 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
-3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/Theory,v
retrieving revision 2000.2
retrieving revision 2000.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.2 -r2000.2.0.1
--- Theory 2000/02/21 17:09:29 2000.2
+++ Theory 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.2.0.1
@@ -227,13 +227,19 @@ in decreasing order of importance:
Use `_' to represent a space.
Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena'
to `St._Helena'.
+ Do not change established names if they only marginally
+ violate the above rules. For example, don't change
+ the existing name `Rome' to `Milan' merely because
+ Milan's population has grown to be somewhat greater
+ than Rome's.
+ If a name is changed, put its old spelling in the `backward' file.
The file `zone.tab' lists the geographical locations used to name
time zone rule files.
Older versions of this package used a different naming scheme,
and these older names are still supported.
-See the file `backwards' for most of these older names
+See the file `backward' for most of these older names
(e.g. `US/Eastern' instead of `America/New_York').
The other old-fashioned names still supported are
`WET', `CET', `MET', `EET' (see the file `europe'),
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v
retrieving revision 2000.6
retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1
--- tz-link.htm 2000/08/10 13:31:37 2000.6
+++ tz-link.htm 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ Stewart calls the "20-line hack no one w
is a fancier web interface.
<LI><A HREF="http://timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</A>
is an even fancier interface.
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.burbs.com/fcgi-bin/tzconvert.fcgi">Burbs time
-zone converter</A> is a multilingual interface.
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.tick2tock.com/cgi-bin/TZConverter">Tick2Tock
+time zone converter</A> is a multilingual interface.
<LI><A HREF="http://www.holidayfestival.com/">The Worldwide Holiday
& Festival Site</A> lists DST-related clock changes along with holidays.
<LI><A HREF="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock</A>
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT4 program.
</UL>
<H2>Other time zone databases</H2>
<UL>
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.astro.ch/atlas/">Astrology / Astrologie ->
-Astrodienst Atlas Database</A> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.astro.ch/atlas/">Astrodienst Online -
+Atlas & Timezone Database</A> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's
excellent time zone history atlases published in both <A
HREF="http://astrocom.com/software/ACS_PC_Atlas.htm">computer</A> and <A
HREF="http://astrocom.com/books/xrefa.htm#SHANKS">book</A> form by <A
@@ -107,9 +107,14 @@ time info, public holidays</A>
contains information on local time, sunrise and sunset,
and public holidays in several hundred cities around the world.
<LI><A HREF="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</A>
-contains US Naval Observatory data, used as the source
+contains data from the Time Service Department of the US Naval Observatory
+(USNO), used as the source
for the <samp>usno*</samp> files in the <samp>tz</samp> distribution.
-<LI>The <A HREF="http://iata.org/">International Air Transport Association</A>
+<LI>The USNO Astronomical Applications Department publishes answers to
+<A HREF="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/AA/faq/">Frequently Asked Questions</A>
+about time zones and daylight saving time.
+<LI>The <A HREF="http://www.iata.org/">International
+Air Transport Association</A>
publishes the IATA Standard Schedules Information Manual (SSIM),
which gives current time zone rules for
all the airports served by commercial aviation.
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ all the airports served by commercial av
<H2>Maps</H2>
<UL>
<LI>The United States Central Intelligence Agency publishes a <A
-HREF="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/figures/802649.pdf">time
+HREF="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/reference/Low%20res%20PDF/low802700.pdf">time
zone map</A>; the
<A HREF="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/world_maps.html">
Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection</A>
@@ -126,16 +131,19 @@ recent editions.
The pictorial quality is good,
but the maps do not indicate summer time,
and parts of the data are a few years out of date.
-<LI><A HREF="http://worldtimezone.com/">World time zones map with
+<LI><A HREF="http://worldtimezone.com/">World timezones map with
current time</A>
has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well.
The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the CIA's
and (as usual with maps) the maps are not quite up to date.
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</A>
+has a separate little outline map for each region of each country that
+currently observes a different time.
</UL>
<H2>Daylight saving time concepts and history</H2>
<UL>
-<LI><A HREF="http://webexhibits.com/daylightsaving/">Daylight
-Saving Time -- History, rationale, laws and dates</A>
+<LI><A HREF="http://webexhibits.com/daylightsaving/">About Daylight
+Saving Time - History, rationale, laws and dates</A>
is a good overall history of DST.
<LI><A HREF="http://www.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/uk/toi.html">The
Time of Internet</A>
@@ -190,11 +198,14 @@ when leap seconds occur.
<LI>The <A
HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/archives/leapsecs.html">Leap
Second Discussion List</A> covers <A
-HREF="http://www.gisdevelopment.net/reference/scie/s_t_41_50.htm#47">McCarthy
+HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A3=ind0007&L=leapsecs&P=26737&E=2&B=------_=_NextPart_000_01BFEAA4.2B254664&N=GPS-Nov99_Innov.pdf&T=application/octet-stream">McCarthy
and Klepczynski's proposal to remove leap seconds</A>, currently
being studied by a <A
HREF="http://www.intec.rug.ac.be/Research/Projects/ursi/Commissions.html">URSI
-Commission J</A> working group.
+Commission J</A> working group, and the <A HREF="http://www.iau.org/">IAU</A>
+has <A
+HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A2=ind0009&L=leapsecs&F=lf&S=&P=2658">plans</A>
+to report on this proposal by 2003.
</UL>
<H2>Time notation</H2>
<UL>
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/zone.tab,v
retrieving revision 2000.5
retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1
diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1
--- zone.tab 2000/07/31 13:26:40 2000.5
+++ zone.tab 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.5.0.1
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ BR +0249-06040 America/Boa_Vista Roraima
BR -0308-06001 America/Manaus Amazonas
BR -0934-06731 America/Porto_Acre Acre
BS +2505-07721 America/Nassau
-BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimbu
+BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu
BW -2545+02555 Africa/Gaborone
BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk
BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ TG +0608+00113 Africa/Lome
TH +1345+10031 Asia/Bangkok
TJ +3835+06848 Asia/Dushanbe
TK -0922-17114 Pacific/Fakaofo
-TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashkhabad
+TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat
TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis
TO -2110+17510 Pacific/Tongatapu
TP -0833+12535 Asia/Dili
@@ -351,7 +351,8 @@ UM +2813-17722 Pacific/Midway Midway Isl
UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island
US +404251-0740023 America/New_York Eastern Time
US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations
-US +381515-0854534 America/Louisville Eastern Time - Louisville, Kentucky
+US +381515-0854534 America/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area
+US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County
US +394606-0860929 America/Indianapolis Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - most locations
US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Crawford County
US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Starke County
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