proposed tz changes for Pakistan, Estonia, Mexico, Paraguay, ...

Paul Eggert eggert at twinsun.com
Wed Mar 27 07:08:09 UTC 2002 

Here are proposed changes to help keep the tz database up to date. Some changes noted below take effect as soon as this weekend. As usual, thanks to everyone who writes in and keeps us up-to-date.

* Pakistan will observe daylight saving from the first Sunday after
  the first Saturday in April at 00:00 until October 15 at 00:00.
  (Thanks to Rives McDow for the heads-up, and to Jesper Norgaard
  for digging up a written reference, with different rules alas.)

* Estonia will start observing daylight saving time again this year,
  using EU rules.  (Thanks to Toomas Soome for this info.)

* This year, Mexico will change back to using US daylight-saving rules.
  (Thanks to Jesper Norgaard Welen for this info.)

* Starting next month, Paraguay observes DST from the first Sunday in
  September at 00:00 to the first Sunday in April at 00:00.
  (Thanks to Rives McDow for this info.)

* Ujung Pandang has changed its name to Makassar.
  (Thanks to Priyadi Iman Nurcahyo for this info.)

* Update Argentine historical time zone info, after reviewing an
  Argentine web site devoted to the subject, along with the
  corrections that Shanks made in his 5th edition.  (Thanks to Javier
  Reinoso for the heads-up.)  This results in the following changes:

  - No DST was observed from mid-1974 through mid-1988.
  - 1966/1967 DST ended on 1967-04-02, not 1967-04-01.
  - Argentine standard time was introduced 1894-10-31, not 1894-11-01.
  - Argentine standard time from 1894-10-31 through 1920-04-30 was
    -4:16:48.25, not -4:16:44.
  - Rosario and Cordoba have the same time zone history since 1970,
    so we should mark the America/Rosario Zone as obsolescent.
  - Many of the transition dates in 1991 and 1992 are incorrect.

* It appears that there was widespread disagreement about the clocks in
  Argentina in 1991 and 1992.  Record what Shanks writes, as comments,
  even though we may not agree with them.

* Update the web page as follows:
  - Fix out-of-date URLs for Shanks's books, Russian time zones, Israeli
    announcements, Langley's notes, McCarthy & Klepczynski's proposal.
  - Fix out-of-date title for NTP.
  - Use briefer text for Pollastri's web page.


(I still have a some minor changes queued up for Canada which I have  not had time to review carefully, but they can wait.)


===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/asia,v
retrieving revision 2002.2
retrieving revision 2002.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2002.2 -r2002.2.0.1
--- asia	2002/01/28 17:56:02	2002.2
+++ asia	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2002.2.0.1
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ Zone Asia/Pontianak	7:17:20	-	LMT	1908 M
 			7:30	-	WIT	1964
 			8:00	-	CIT	1988 Jan  1
 			7:00	-	WIT
-Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 -	LMT	1920
+Zone Asia/Makassar	7:57:36 -	LMT	1920
 			7:57:36	-	MMT	1932 Nov    # Macassar MT
 			8:00	-	CIT	1942 Feb  9
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug
@@ -1094,13 +1094,36 @@ Zone	Asia/Muscat	3:54:20 -	LMT	1920
 			4:00	-	GST
 
 # Pakistan
+
+# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
+# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a # 
+TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 # 
+and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002.  This is what I was # 
+told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the # 
+00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
+# Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
+# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
+# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to # 
+advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first # 
+Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on # 
+15th October each year".  This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, # 
+but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like # 
+it's not on a trial basis.  Also, the "between the first Saturday # and 
+Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the # 
+transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
+
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule Pakistan	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=2	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule Pakistan	2002	max	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
 			5:30	-	IST	1942 Sep
 			5:30	1:00	IST	1945 Oct 15
 			5:30	-	IST	1951 Sep 30
 			5:00	-	KART	1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
-			5:00	-	PKT	# Pakistan Time
+			5:00 Pakistan	PK%sT	# Pakistan Time
 
 # Palestine
 
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/europe,v
retrieving revision 2002.2
retrieving revision 2002.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2002.2 -r2002.2.0.1
--- europe	2002/01/28 17:56:02	2002.2
+++ europe	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2002.2.0.1
@@ -853,6 +853,10 @@ Zone America/Thule	-4:35:08 -	LMT	1916 J
 # no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all  # the year round.  The regulation is effective 1999-11-01.
 
+# From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21):
+# [On Feb 12] the Estonian government has changed once again timezone 
+politics. # Now we are using again EU rules.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Tallinn	1:39:00	-	LMT	1880
 			1:39:00	-	TMT	1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time
@@ -865,7 +869,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Tallinn	1:39:00	-	LMT	1880
 			2:00	1:00	EEST	1989 Sep 24 2:00s
 			2:00	C-Eur	EE%sT	1998 Sep 22
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT	1999 Nov  1
-			2:00	-	EET
+			2:00	-	EET	2002 Feb 12
+			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 
 # Finland
 # ===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v
retrieving revision 2001.4
retrieving revision 2001.4.0.1
diff -pu -r2001.4 -r2001.4.0.1
--- northamerica	2001/10/09 17:31:31	2001.4
+++ northamerica	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2001.4.0.1
@@ -1362,6 +1362,12 @@ Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 
 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not  # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
 
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
+# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all 
+insisted # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST 
+in Mexico.... # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html
+# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not 
+applied.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
@@ -1373,8 +1379,10 @@ Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00
 Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
 Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-Rule	Mexico	2001	max	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Mexico	2001	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Quintana Roo
 Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v
retrieving revision 2001.4
retrieving revision 2001.4.0.1
diff -pu -r2001.4 -r2001.4.0.1
--- southamerica	2001/10/09 17:31:31	2001.4
+++ southamerica	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2001.4.0.1
@@ -79,18 +79,11 @@ Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Dec	15	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Arg	1967	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Arg	1967	only	-	Apr	 2	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Arg	1967	1968	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Arg	1968	1969	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	Jan	23	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	May	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1974	1976	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Arg	1975	1977	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1985	only	-	Nov	 2	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Arg	1986	only	-	Mar	14	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1986	1987	-	Oct	25	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Arg	1987	only	-	Feb	13	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1988	only	-	Feb	 7	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Arg	1988	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 #
 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan at isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
@@ -148,76 +141,97 @@ Rule	Arg	2000	only	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.  # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.  #
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-01-22):
+# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
+# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2000-10-01)
+# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
+# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value # 
+over Shanks.
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks through 1992, from # 
+the IATA otherwise.  As noted below, Shanks says that # America/Cordoba 
+split into 7 subregions during 1991/1992, but we # haven't verified 
+this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region. #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
-Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May    # Cordoba Mean Time
+Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
 			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
 			-3:00	-	ART
 #
 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), -# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
-Zone America/Rosario	-4:02:40 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Jul
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
-			-3:00	-	ART
+# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), Santiago del Estero (SE), # 
+Cordoba (CB), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), La Pampa 
+(LP), # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN), Chubut (CH) #
+# Shanks also makes the following claims, which we haven't verified:
+# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
+# - La Rioja and San Juan switched to -4:00 on 1991-03-01
+#   and then to 03:00 on 1991-05-07.
+# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
+# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
+# - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
+#   then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
+# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
+#   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
+# If we need to add Zones for these areas, we may need to have a subdirectory
+# for Argentina, as e.g. "America/San_Luis" is too ambiguious.
 #
-# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), -# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
-Zone America/Cordoba	-4:16:44 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
+Zone America/Cordoba	-4:16:48 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Jul
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
 			-3:00	-	ART
 #
 # Jujuy (JY)
-Zone America/Jujuy	-4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
+Zone America/Jujuy	-4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
+			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 28
+			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar 17
 			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct  6
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1992 Mar 15
-			-4:00	-	WART	1992 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
+			-3:00	1:00	ARST	1992
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
 			-3:00	-	ART
 #
 # Catamarca (CT)
-Zone America/Catamarca	-4:23:08 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
+Zone America/Catamarca	-4:23:08 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Jul
-			-3:00	-	ART	1991 Jul
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1992 Jul
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
 			-3:00	-	ART
 #
 # Mendoza (MZ)
-Zone America/Mendoza	-4:35:16 -	LMT	1894 Nov
-			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
+Zone America/Mendoza	-4:35:16 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
+			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 15
+			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar  1
 			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 15
 			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1992 Mar  1
 			-4:00	-	WART	1992 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3 0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3 0:00
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
 			-3:00	-	ART
 
 # Aruba
@@ -729,12 +743,19 @@ Rule	Para	1996	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:  # http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
 #
-Rule	Para	1996	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1996	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
 Rule	Para	1997	only	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 # Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but  # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
-Rule	Para	1998	max	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Para	1998	2001	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
+# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
+# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that 
+changed the # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to 
+the first Sunday in # April.
+Rule	Para	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Para	2002	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Asuncion	-3:50:40 -	LMT	1890
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/zone.tab,v
retrieving revision 2002.2
retrieving revision 2002.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2002.2 -r2002.2.0.1
--- zone.tab	2002/01/28 17:56:03	2002.2
+++ zone.tab	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2002.2.0.1
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ AQ	-7824+10654	Antarctica/Vostok	Vostok 
 AQ	-6640+14001	Antarctica/DumontDUrville	Dumont-d'Urville Base, Terre Adelie
 AQ	-690022+0393524	Antarctica/Syowa	Syowa Station, E Ongul I
 AR	-3436-05827	America/Buenos_Aires	E Argentina (BA, DF, SC, TF)
-AR	-3257-06040	America/Rosario	NE Argentina (SF, ER, CN, MN, CC, FM, LP, CH)
-AR	-3124-06411	America/Cordoba	W Argentina (CB, SA, TM, LR, SJ, SL, NQ, RN)
+AR	-3124-06411	America/Cordoba	most locations (CB,CC,CH,CN,ER,FM,LP,LR,MN,NQ,RN,SA,SE,SF,SJ,SL,TM)
 AR	-2411-06518	America/Jujuy	Jujuy (JY)
 AR	-2828-06547	America/Catamarca	Catamarca (CT)
 AR	-3253-06849	America/Mendoza	Mendoza (MZ)
@@ -189,7 +188,7 @@ HT	+1832-07220	America/Port-au-Prince
 HU	+4730+01905	Europe/Budapest
 ID	-0610+10648	Asia/Jakarta	Java & Sumatra
 ID	-0002+10920	Asia/Pontianak	west & central Borneo
-ID	-0507+11924	Asia/Ujung_Pandang	east & south Borneo, Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor
+ID	-0507+11924	Asia/Makassar	east & south Borneo, Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor
 ID	-0232+14042	Asia/Jayapura	Irian Jaya & the Moluccas
 IE	+5320-00615	Europe/Dublin
 IL	+3146+03514	Asia/Jerusalem
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/backward,v
retrieving revision 2002.2
retrieving revision 2002.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2002.2 -r2002.2.0.1
--- backward	2002/01/28 17:56:02	2002.2
+++ backward	2002/03/25 06:42:59	2002.2.0.1
@@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ Link	America/Tijuana		America/Ensenada
 Link	America/Indianapolis	America/Fort_Wayne
 Link	America/Indiana/Knox	America/Knox_IN
 Link	America/Rio_Branco	America/Porto_Acre
+Link	America/Cordoba		America/Rosario
 Link	America/St_Thomas	America/Virgin
 Link	Asia/Ashgabat		Asia/Ashkhabad
 Link	Asia/Chongqing		Asia/Chungking
 Link	Asia/Dhaka		Asia/Dacca
 Link	Asia/Macau		Asia/Macao
+Link	Asia/Makassar		Asia/Ujung_Pandang
 Link	Asia/Jerusalem		Asia/Tel_Aviv
 Link	Asia/Thimphu		Asia/Thimbu
 Link	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Asia/Ulan_Bator
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v
retrieving revision 2002.2
retrieving revision 2002.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2002.2 -r2002.2.0.1
--- tz-link.htm	2002/01/28 17:56:03	2002.2
+++ tz-link.htm	2002/03/27 06:40:37	2002.2.0.1
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"' />  <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul" />  <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David" /> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2001-05-30" />
+<meta name="DC.Date" content="2002-03-26" />
 <meta name="DC.Description"
  content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time" />  <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm" /> @@ -107,8 +107,6 @@ World</a></li>  <li><a href="http://www.convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current Time in 1000 Places</a></li>  <li><a href="http://timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</a></li>  </ul></li> -<li><a href="http://www.tick2tock.com/cgi-bin/TZConverter">Tick2Tock
-time zone converter</a> is a multilingual interface.</li>  <li><a href="http://www.holidayfestival.com/">The Worldwide Holiday  &amp; Festival Site</a> lists DST-related clock changes along with  holidays.</li> @@ -164,7 +162,7 @@ Microsoft Windows program.</li>
 - Atlas Query</a> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's  excellent time zone history atlases published in both <a  href="http://astrocom.com/software/pcatlas.html">computer</a> and <a -href="http://astrocom.com/books/xrefa.htm#SHANKS">book</a> form by <a
+href="http://astrocom.com/books/xrefa.php#SHANKS">book</a> form by <a
 href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Communications Services</a>.</li>  <li><a href="http://worldtime.com/">WORLDTIME: interactive atlas,  time info, public holidays</a> @@ -200,9 +198,11 @@ recent editions.  The pictorial quality is good,  but the maps do not indicate summer time,  and parts of the data are a few years out of date.</li> -<li><a href="http://wwg.lgg.ru/russia/timezone.html"
-hreflang="ru">Map of Russian Federation time zones (in Russian)</a> -has a wealth of information about Russian time zones.</li>
+<li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com/">World timezones map with 
+current time</a> has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia 
+particularly well. The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as 
+the CIA's but the maps are more up to date.</li>
 </ul>
 <h2>Time zone boundaries</h2>
 <ul>
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ Saving Time - History, rationale, laws a
 is a good overall history of DST.</li>
 <li><a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/">The
 Time of Internet</a>
-contains good descriptions of Time Zones and daylight saving time,
+describes time zones and daylight saving time,
 with diagrams.
 The time zone map is out of date, however.</li>
 <li><a href="http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm">A History of @@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ Saving Time</a>.</dd>  href="http://www.ptb.de/en/org/4/43/432/lega.htm">Realisation of  Legal Time in Germany</a>.</dd>  <dt>Israel</dt> -<dd>The Ministry of Interior periodically issues <a -href="ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements"
+<dd>The Interior Ministry periodically issues <a 
+href="ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/"
 hreflang="he">announcements (in Hebrew)</a>.</dd>  <dt>Mexico</dt>  <dd>The Investigation and Analysis Service of the Mexican Library of @@ -289,10 +289,11 @@ of summer time dates</a>.</dd>  href="http://literature.agilent.com/litwebbin/purl.cgi?org_id=tmo&amp;pub_id=5965-7984E">The
 Science of Timekeeping</a> is an excellent and thorough introduction  to the theory and practice of precision timekeeping.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/">Time Server</a> discusses
+<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/">Time Synchronization Server</a> 
+discusses
 the Network Time Protocol (NTP), used to synchronize clocks of  Internet hosts.</li> -<li><a href="http://ecco.bsee.swin.edu.au/chronos/GMT-explained.html">A
+<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.txt"
+charset="macintosh">A
 Few Facts Concerning GMT, UT, and the RGO</a>
 answers questions like "What is the difference between GMT and UTC?"</li>  <li><a @@ -313,11 +314,10 @@ the Earth Orientation Parameters Product  International Earth Rotation Service, the committee that decides  when leap seconds occur.</li>  <li>The <a -href="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/archives/leapsecs.html">Leap
+href="http://rom.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa">Leap
 Second Discussion List</a> covers <a -href="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A3=ind00&amp;L=leapsecs&amp;P=28537&amp;E=2&amp;B=------_=_NextPart_000_01C0781C.F015C5B0&amp;N=GPS-Nov99_Innov.pdf&amp;T=application/octet-stream">McCarthy
-and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a> -(which requires discussion list membership to read).
+href="http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m0BPW/11_10/57821998/p1/article.
+jhtml">McCarthy
+and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a>.
 This proposal is being studied by the URSI Commission J <a  href="http://space.mit.edu/URSI/leapsecond.html">Working Group on the  Leap Second</a>, and the IAU

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