proposed tz changes for Paraguay, Israel, "backward", and commentary
Paul Eggert
eggert at CS.UCLA.EDU
Tue Jan 11 22:24:57 UTC 2005
"Olson, Arthur David (NIH/NCI)" <olsona at dc37a.nci.nih.gov> writes:
> Paul Eggert typically handles rule changes; Paul has been swamped of late.
True, but we really should get those Paraguay changes out the door,
since we're currently mishandling last spring's time stamps. Here is
a proposed set of patches that accumulate all the updates I've been
saving up.
* Changes to current or future data.
- Paraguay's DST transitions have changed. (Thanks to Jesper Norgaard Welen
and Steffen Thorsen for this.)
- Israel's DST transitions will change. The current proposals are only
tentative, but are more likely than the old tz data. (Thanks to
Ephraim Silverberg for this.)
* Database changes invisible to users.
- The "backward" file no longer contains links to links. (Thanks to
Mark Davis for finding these).
* Commentary changes.
- The latest ISO 8601 version is now dated 2004, not 2001.
- README now no longer suggests that the tz data is not particularly useful,
and warns about dates before 1970.
- Add comments about Unalaska, which may have deviated from statutory
time from early 1967 to 1983. (Thanks to David Flater for this.)
- Add comments about Mount Washington Observatory, which observes EST
all year. (Thanks to Dave Cantor for this.)
- Add comments about Germany's secret WWII manned weather stations in East
Greenland and Franz Josef Land.
- Add links to calconnect.org, VelaTerra.
- Remove link to Airlines, Airplanes, and Airports, as it no longer seems
to make time zone data public.
- Update many URLs to follow resources that moved.
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/README,v
retrieving revision 2001.3
retrieving revision 2001.3.0.1
diff -pu -r2001.3 -r2001.3.0.1
--- README 2001/06/05 17:48:21 2001.3
+++ README 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2001.3.0.1
@@ -52,8 +52,10 @@ substituting your desired installation d
To use the new functions, use a "-ltz" option when compiling or linking.
-Historical local time information has been included here not because it
-is particularly useful, but rather to:
+Historical local time information has been included here to:
+
+* provide a compendium of data about the history of civil time
+ that is useful even if the data are not 100% accurate;
* give an idea of the variety of local time rules that have
existed in the past and thus an idea of the variety that may be
@@ -63,7 +65,9 @@ is particularly useful, but rather to:
system.
The information in the time zone data files is by no means authoritative;
-if you know that the rules are different from those in a file, by all means
+the files currently do not even attempt to covar all time stamps before
+1970, and there are undoubtedly errors even for time stamps since 1970.
+If you know that the rules are different from those in a file, by all means
feel free to change file (and please send the changed version to
tz at elsie.nci.nih.gov for use in the future). Europeans take note!
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/asia,v
retrieving revision 2004.5
retrieving revision 2004.5.0.1
diff -pu -r2004.5 -r2004.5.0.1
--- asia 2004/10/11 18:44:51 2004.5
+++ asia 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2004.5.0.1
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim at cs.huji.ac.il>
-# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25):
+# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, and 2004-12-22):
# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
@@ -690,13 +690,13 @@ Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
#
-# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
#
# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
#
# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
#
-# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
#
# where YYYY is the relevant year.
@@ -716,12 +716,12 @@ Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
#
# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
#
-# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
#
# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
#
-# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -735,52 +735,97 @@ Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25):
-# Here are guesses for rules after 2004.
-# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
+# Yesterday, the Knesset Interior Committee passed a proposed (originally
+# in March 2004) change to the Time Setting Law that would make the dates
+# for DST from 2005 and beyond so that DST starts on the night _after_ the
+# first night of the Passover holiday at midnight until midnight of the
+# Saturday night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
+#
+# Those who can read Hebrew can view the proposal at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+.ps
+#
+# The proposal still has to be passed by the Knesset (three readings) for
+# it to become law....
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-12-22):
+# For now, guess that the rules proposed on 2004-12-20 will be adopted.
+# This is quite possibly wrong, but it is more likely than no DST at all.
+# I used Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.3, along with code
+# written by Ephraim Silverberg, to generate this list.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D
-Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2006 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2007 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2008 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2009 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2010 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2012 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2013 only - Mar 27 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2014 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2015 only - Apr 5 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2017 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2018 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2019 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2020 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2021 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2023 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2024 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2025 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2026 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2027 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2028 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2029 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2030 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2031 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2032 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2034 only - Apr 5 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2035 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2036 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2037 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
2:00 Zion I%sT
-# From Ephraim Silverberg (2003-03-23):
-#
-# Minister of Interior Poraz has announced that he will respect the law
-# passed in July 2000 (proposed at the time jointly by himself and
-# then-MK David Azulai [Shas]) fixing the dates for 2000-2004. Hence,
-# the dates for 2003 and 2004 remain unchanged....
-#
-# As far as 2005 and beyond, no dates have been set. However, the
-# minister has mentioned that he wishes to propose to move Israel's
-# timezone in 2005 from GMT+2 to GMT+3 and upon that have DST during
-# the summer months (i.e. GMT+4). However, no legislation in this
-# direction is expected until the latter part of 2004 which is a long
-# time off in terms of Israeli politics.
-
-# (2004-09-20):
-# The latest rumour, however, is that in 2005, when the clock changes to
-# Daylight Saving Time (date as yet unknown), the move will be a two-hour leap
-# forward (from UTC+0200 to UTC+0400) and then, in the fall, the clock will
-# move back only an hour to UTC+0300 thus effectively moving Israel's timezone
-# from UTC+0200 to UTC+0300. However, no actual draft has been put before the
-# Knesset (Israel's Parliament) though the intention is to do so this
-# month [2004-09].
-
-# (2004-09-26):
-# Even though the draft law for the above did pass the Ministerial Committee
-# for Legislative Matters three months ago, it was voted down in today's
-# Cabinet meeting. The current suggestion is to keep the current timezone at
-# UTC+0200 but have an extended period of Daylight Saving Time (UTC+0300) from
-# the beginning of Passover holiday in the spring to after the Tabernacle
-# holiday in the fall (i.e. the dates of which are governed by the Hebrew
-# calendar but this means at least 184 days of DST). However, this is only a
-# suggestion that was raised in today's cabinet meeting and has not yet been
-# drafted.
-
###############################################################################
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/backward,v
retrieving revision 2004.2
retrieving revision 2004.2.0.1
diff -pu -r2004.2 -r2004.2.0.1
--- backward 2004/07/19 18:32:48 2004.2
+++ backward 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2004.2.0.1
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Link America/Argentina/Jujuy America/Juj
Link America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN
Link America/Argentina/Mendoza America/Mendoza
Link America/Rio_Branco America/Porto_Acre
-Link America/Cordoba America/Rosario
+Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Rosario
Link America/St_Thomas America/Virgin
Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad
Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Link Australia/Hobart Australia/Tasmania
Link Australia/Melbourne Australia/Victoria
Link Australia/Perth Australia/West
Link Australia/Broken_Hill Australia/Yancowinna
-Link America/Porto_Acre Brazil/Acre
+Link America/Rio_Branco Brazil/Acre
Link America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha
Link America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East
Link America/Manaus Brazil/West
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ Link Europe/Dublin Eire
Link Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol
Link Europe/London GB
Link Europe/London GB-Eire
-Link Etc/GMT+0 GMT+0
-Link Etc/GMT-0 GMT-0
-Link Etc/GMT0 GMT0
-Link Etc/Greenwich Greenwich
+Link Etc/GMT GMT+0
+Link Etc/GMT GMT-0
+Link Etc/GMT GMT0
+Link Etc/GMT Greenwich
Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong
Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland
Link Asia/Tehran Iran
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Link Africa/Tripoli Libya
Link America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte
Link America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur
Link America/Mexico_City Mexico/General
-Link America/Shiprock Navajo
+Link America/Denver Navajo
Link Pacific/Auckland NZ
Link Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT
Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa
@@ -95,6 +95,6 @@ Link America/Denver US/Mountain
Link America/Los_Angeles US/Pacific
Link Pacific/Pago_Pago US/Samoa
Link Etc/UTC UTC
-Link Etc/Universal Universal
+Link Etc/UTC Universal
Link Europe/Moscow W-SU
-Link Etc/Zulu Zulu
+Link Etc/UTC Zulu
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/europe,v
retrieving revision 2004.7
retrieving revision 2004.7.0.1
diff -pu -r2004.7 -r2004.7.0.1
--- europe 2004/11/02 14:05:33 2004.7
+++ europe 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2004.7.0.1
@@ -754,6 +754,11 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faeroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908
0:00 - WET 1981
0:00 EU WE%sT
#
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31):
+# During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in
+# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones.
+# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard.
+#
# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
@@ -1633,7 +1638,7 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan
# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were
# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return,
# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954)
-# <http://www.utpress.utoronto.ca/publishing/rights/dege_warnorthof80.htm>
+# <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html>
# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
#
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v
retrieving revision 2004.7
retrieving revision 2004.7.0.1
diff -pu -r2004.7 -r2004.7.0.1
--- northamerica 2004/11/02 14:05:32 2004.7
+++ northamerica 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2004.7.0.1
@@ -208,6 +208,13 @@ Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00
# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
+# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
+# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
+# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
+# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
+# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
+# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
@@ -355,10 +362,26 @@ Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 O
-11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
-10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
-10:00 US HA%sT
+# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
+#
# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
-# These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
+#
+# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
+# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
+# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
+# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
+# possibly until 1983:
+#
+# Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
+# "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
+# location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
+# made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
+# resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
+# Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
+# January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
+# three votes for and one against."
# Hawaii
#
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v
retrieving revision 2004.7
retrieving revision 2004.7.0.1
diff -pu -r2004.7 -r2004.7.0.1
--- southamerica 2004/11/02 14:05:32 2004.7
+++ southamerica 2005/01/11 22:18:14 2004.7.0.1
@@ -942,9 +942,16 @@ Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0
# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
# April.
-Rule Para 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
-Rule Para 2002 max - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
-
+Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
+# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
+# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
+# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05) <http://www.labor.com.py/noticias.asp?id=27>
+Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v
retrieving revision 2004.5
retrieving revision 2004.5.0.2
diff -pu -r2004.5 -r2004.5.0.2
--- tz-link.htm 2004/10/11 18:44:53 2004.5
+++ tz-link.htm 2005/01/11 22:22:42 2004.5.0.2
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"' />
<meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David" />
-<meta name="DC.Date" content="2004-09-22" />
+<meta name="DC.Date" content="2005-01-11" />
<meta name="DC.Description"
content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm" />
@@ -136,7 +136,9 @@ title="Internet Engineering Task Force">
Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (<abbr
title="Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group">calsch</abbr>)</a>
covers time zone
-data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component.</li>
+data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component.
+The <a href='http://www.calconnect.org/'>Calendaring and Scheduling
+Consortium</a> is promoting further work in this area.</li>
<li>The <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-calendar/">www-rdf-calendar</a>
list discusses <a
@@ -157,7 +159,7 @@ definition that corresponded to iCalenda
</ul>
<h2>Other <code>tz</code> compilers</h2>
<ul>
-<li><a href="http://www.dachaplin.dsl.pipex.com/vzic">Vzic iCalendar
+<li><a href="http://dialspace.dial.pipex.com/prod/dialspace/town/pipexdsl/s/asbm26/vzic/">Vzic iCalendar
Timezone Converter</a> describes a program Vzic that compiles
<code>tz</code> source into iCalendar-compatible VTIMEZONE files.
Vzic is freely
@@ -222,6 +224,9 @@ Java-specific format.</li>
href="http://www1.tip.nl/~t876506/AboutTimeZonesHC.html">HyperCard
time zones calculator</a> is a HyperCard stack.</li>
<li><a
+href="http://www.veladesigngroup.com/velaterra.html">VelaTerra</a> is
+a Mac OS X program.</li>
+<li><a
href="http://www.cimmyt.org/timezone/">World Time Explorer</a> is a
Microsoft Windows program.</li>
</ul>
@@ -243,10 +248,7 @@ is another time zone database.</li>
contains data from the Time Service Department of the
<abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory, used as the source
for the <code>usno*</code> files in the <code>tz</code> distribution.</li>
-<li><a href="http://www.airportcitycodes.com/aaa/">Airlines, Airplanes
-and Airports</a> lists current standard times for thousands of
-airports around the world. This seems to be derived from
-the <a href="http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/9179.htm">Standard
+<li>The <a href="http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/9179.htm">Standard
Schedules Information Manual</a> of the
the <a href="http://www.iata.org/">International Air Transport
Association</a>,
@@ -299,7 +301,8 @@ Time Zones and Time Zone Data</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Civil time concepts and history</h2>
<ul>
-<li><a href="http://physics.nist.gov/time">A Walk through Time</a>
+<li><a href="http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html">A
+Walk through Time</a>
surveys the evolution of timekeeping.</li>
<li><a href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/">About Daylight
Saving Time - History, rationale, laws & dates</a>
@@ -447,7 +450,7 @@ title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a
(1999-11), 50–57 and discussed further in R. A. Nelson et al.,
<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/time/metrologia-leapsecond.pdf">The
leap second: its history and possible future</a>,
-<a href="http://www.bipm.fr/metrologia/metrologia.html">Metrologia</a>
+<a href="http://www.bipm.fr/metrologia/">Metrologia</a>
<strong>38</strong> (2001), 509–529.
<a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/onlinebib.html">The
Future of Leap Seconds</a> catalogs information about this
@@ -459,12 +462,11 @@ contentious issue.</li>
<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html">A Summary of
the International Standard Date and Time Notation</a> is a good
summary of
-<abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr>
-8601:1988 - Data elements and interchange formats - Information interchange
-- Representation of dates and times (which has been superseded by
<a
-href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26780"><abbr>ISO</abbr>
-8601:2000</a>).</li>
+href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=40874"><abbr
+title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr>
+8601:2004 -- Data elements and interchange formats -- Information
+interchange -- Representation of dates and times</a>.</li>
<li>
Section 3.3 of <a
href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet
@@ -482,7 +484,7 @@ protocols.</li>
Best of Dates, the Worst of Dates</a> covers many problems encountered
by software developers when handling dates and time stamps.</li>
<li><a
-href="http://oss.software.ibm.com/cvs/icu/~checkout~/icuhtml/design/formatting/time_zone_localization.html">Time
+href="http://oss.software.ibm.com/cvs/icu/~checkout~/locale/docs/design/formatting/time_zone_localization.html">Time
Zone Localization</a> is a proposed mechanism for localizing time zone
labels and abbreviations; for example, one might use it to specify
Russian translations for "Eastern European Summer Time",
More information about the tz
mailing list