From 26219e8be2c23bcab68749ea64e9898786dbc422 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Paul Eggert Date: Thu, 7 Jul 2022 07:36:36 -0500 Subject: [PROPOSED] Move 9 more zones to 'backzone' Continue moving to 'backzone' location-based zones whose timestamps since 1970 are duplicates; adjust links accordingly. As usual, this change affects only pre-1970 timestamps. In this round the affected zones are Antarctica/Vostok, Asia/Brunei, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Atlantic/Reykjavik, Europe/Amsterdam, Europe/Copenhagen, Europe/Luxembourg, Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, and the affected links are Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, and Iceland. --- NEWS | 10 ++ antarctica | 26 +---- asia | 21 +--- backward | 17 ++- backzone | 318 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ europe | 265 ++---------------------------------------- zone1970.tab | 21 +--- 7 files changed, 360 insertions(+), 318 deletions(-) diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index 60deee4..2ebfd66 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Briefly: Iran no longer observes DST after 2022. Rename Europe/Kiev to Europe/Kyiv. + Move 9 more zones to 'backzone' Changes to future timestamps @@ -13,6 +14,15 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Changes to past timestamps + Continue moving to 'backzone' location-based zones whose + timestamps since 1970 are duplicates; adjust links accordingly. + As usual, this change affects only pre-1970 timestamps. + In this round the affected zones are Antarctica/Vostok, + Asia/Brunei, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Atlantic/Reykjavik, + Europe/Amsterdam, Europe/Copenhagen, Europe/Luxembourg, + Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, and the affected links are + Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, and Iceland. + From fall 1994 through fall 1995, Shanks wrote that Crimea's DST transitions were at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00. (Thanks to Michael Deckers.) diff --git a/antarctica b/antarctica index 70a5422..4531bc9 100644 --- a/antarctica +++ b/antarctica @@ -242,31 +242,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 -# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): -# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP -# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same -# time as Moscow, Russia. -# -# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): -# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is -# what they had to say about time there: -# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) -# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was -# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead -# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The -# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." -# -# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): -# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it -# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local -# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this -# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean -# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks -# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time -# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06. -# -Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 - 6:00 - +06 +# See Asia/Urumqi. # S Africa - year-round bases # Marion Island, -4653+03752 diff --git a/asia b/asia index ff65a04..a32e3ed 100644 --- a/asia +++ b/asia @@ -255,10 +255,7 @@ Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 6:00 - +06 # Brunei -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan - 7:30 - +0730 1933 - 8:00 - +08 +# See Asia/Kuching. # Burma / Myanmar @@ -2734,20 +2731,8 @@ Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 - Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - # -# peninsular Malaysia -# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) -# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html -# This agrees with Singapore since 1905-06-01. -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 - 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. - 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 - 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 - 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 - 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 - 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 - 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 - 8:00 - +08 +# For peninsular Malaysia see Asia/Singapore. +# # Sabah & Sarawak # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): # The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 diff --git a/backward b/backward index a8fd620..99863c7 100644 --- a/backward +++ b/backward @@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # This file provides links from old or merged timezone names to current ones. -# Many names changed in late 1993. Several of these names are +# Many names changed in late 1993, and many merged names moved here +# in the period from 2013 through 2022. Several of these names are # also present in the file 'backzone', which has data important only # for pre-1970 timestamps and so is out of scope for tzdb proper. @@ -32,7 +33,10 @@ Link America/Tijuana America/Santa_Isabel Link America/Denver America/Shiprock Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Virgin Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/South_Pole +Link Asia/Urumqi Antarctica/Vostok +Link Europe/Berlin Arctic/Longyearbyen Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad +Link Asia/Kuching Asia/Brunei Link Asia/Kolkata Asia/Calcutta Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Chongqing Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Chungking @@ -40,6 +44,7 @@ Link Asia/Dhaka Asia/Dacca Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Harbin Link Asia/Urumqi Asia/Kashgar Link Asia/Kathmandu Asia/Katmandu +Link Asia/Singapore Asia/Kuala_Lumpur Link Asia/Macau Asia/Macao Link Asia/Yangon Asia/Rangoon Link Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh Asia/Saigon @@ -48,7 +53,8 @@ Link Asia/Thimphu Asia/Thimbu Link Asia/Makassar Asia/Ujung_Pandang Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator Link Atlantic/Faroe Atlantic/Faeroe -Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen +Link Europe/Berlin Atlantic/Jan_Mayen +Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/Reykjavik Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra Link Australia/Hobart Australia/Currie @@ -82,8 +88,13 @@ Link America/Havana Cuba Link Africa/Cairo Egypt Link Europe/Dublin Eire Link Etc/UTC Etc/UCT +Link Europe/Brussels Europe/Amsterdam Link Europe/London Europe/Belfast +Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Copenhagen Link Europe/Kyiv Europe/Kiev +Link Europe/Brussels Europe/Luxembourg +Link Europe/Paris Europe/Monaco +Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Oslo Link Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol Link Europe/London GB Link Europe/London GB-Eire @@ -92,7 +103,7 @@ Link Etc/GMT GMT-0 Link Etc/GMT GMT0 Link Etc/GMT Greenwich Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong -Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland +Link Africa/Abidjan Iceland Link Asia/Tehran Iran Link Asia/Jerusalem Israel Link America/Jamaica Jamaica diff --git a/backzone b/backzone index 879a140..f54315c 100644 --- a/backzone +++ b/backzone @@ -829,6 +829,35 @@ Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29 3:00 - +03 +# Vostok, Antarctica +# +# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 +# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): +# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP +# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same +# time as Moscow, Russia. +# +# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): +# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is +# what they had to say about time there: +# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) +# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was +# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead +# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The +# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): +# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it +# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local +# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this +# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean +# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks +# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time +# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06. +# +Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 + 6:00 - +06 + # Yemen # Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, # and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. @@ -867,6 +896,11 @@ Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1941 Jul 20 # Manamah 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 3:00 - +03 +# Brunei +Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan + 7:30 - +0730 1933 + 8:00 - +08 + # India # # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): @@ -922,6 +956,20 @@ Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 5:00 - +05 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT +# peninsular Malaysia +# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) +# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html +# This agrees with Singapore since 1905-06-01. +Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 + 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. + 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 + 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 + 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 + 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 + 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 + 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 + 8:00 - +08 + # Kuwait Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 3:00 - +03 @@ -995,6 +1043,64 @@ Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 # From Whitman: Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - -01 +# Iceland +# +# From Adam David (1993-11-06): +# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. +# +# (1993-12-05): +# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of +# Iceland Almanak. +# +# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour +# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts +# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which +# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. +# +# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks +# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the +# time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always +# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. +# +# (1993-12-10): +# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the +# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus +# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. +# the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day +# (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. +# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" +# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it +# might mean something else (???). +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): +# The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see +# http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html +# +Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - +Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - +Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - +Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - +Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - +# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter +Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - +Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - +# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter +Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - +# 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week +Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - + +Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 + -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s + 0:00 - GMT +Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland + # St Helena Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time @@ -1006,6 +1112,85 @@ Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1968 Oct 15 10:00 AT AE%sT + +# Netherlands + +# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, +# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. + +# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): +# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 +# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including +# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time +# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the +# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was +# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. +# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and +# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). +# +# (2001-04-08): +# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to +# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common +# practice of following Amsterdam mean time. +# +# (2001-04-09): +# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the +# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe +# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was +# actually followed. +# +# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to +# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of +# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most +# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically +# adopted Amsterdam mean time. +# +# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety +# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it +# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe +# Amsterdam mean time. + +# The data entries before 1945 are taken from +# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm + +# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-09): +# I invented the abbreviations AMT for Amsterdam Mean Time and NST for +# Netherlands Summer Time, used in the Netherlands from 1835 to 1937. + +Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time +Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time +Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week +# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. +Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - +Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +# +# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted +# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. +# +Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 + 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 + 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + + # Northern Ireland Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 @@ -1017,6 +1202,60 @@ Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST + +# Denmark + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): +# the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... +# The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83 +# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. +# +# The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: +# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100 +# +# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes +# in subsequent decrees with the law +# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223 +# +# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have +# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST +# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to +# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from +# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know +# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only +# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: +# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning +# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which +# was suspended on that night): +# https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267 + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): +# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between +# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): +# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not +# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. + +Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - +Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - +# +Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 + 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT + 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + # Guernsey # Data from Joseph S. Myers # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html @@ -1072,6 +1311,85 @@ Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Luxembourg + +# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S + +Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun + 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 + 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s + 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 + 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 + 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Monaco +# +# From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): +# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at +# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf +# we read: ... +# [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year], +# legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1, +# 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.] +# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at +# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf +# we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ... +# [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation +# of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal +# time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.] +# +Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time + 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 + 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + + +# Norway + +# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & +# Pottenger. +Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S + +Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 + 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen + # Bosnia and Herzegovina Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 diff --git a/europe b/europe index 80366fd..06f8a86 100644 --- a/europe +++ b/europe @@ -1026,59 +1026,8 @@ Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland +# For Denmark see Europe/Berlin. -# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): -# the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... -# The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83 -# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. -# -# The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: -# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100 -# -# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes -# in subsequent decrees with the law -# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223 -# -# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have -# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST -# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to -# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from -# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know -# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only -# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: -# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning -# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which -# was suspended on that night): -# https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267 - -# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): -# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between -# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. - -# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): -# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not -# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. - -# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - -Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - -Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - -Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - -Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - -# -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 - 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT - 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s - 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 - 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 - 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 0:00 EU WE%sT @@ -1625,62 +1574,7 @@ Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Nov 1 1:00 EU CE%sT # Iceland -# -# From Adam David (1993-11-06): -# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. -# -# (1993-12-05): -# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of -# Iceland Almanak. -# -# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour -# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts -# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which -# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. -# -# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks -# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the -# time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always -# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. -# -# (1993-12-10): -# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the -# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus -# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. -# the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day -# (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. -# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" -# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it -# might mean something else (???). -# -# From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): -# The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see -# http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html -# -# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - -Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - -Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - -Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - -Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - -Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - -Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - -Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - -Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - -# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter -Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - -Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - -# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter -Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - -# 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week -Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - -Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - -Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 - -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s - 0:00 - GMT +# See Africa/Abidjan. # Italy # @@ -1957,40 +1851,7 @@ Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Luxembourg -# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; -# go with Shanks & Pottenger. -# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - -Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - -Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun - 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 - 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s - 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 - 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 - 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 - 1:00 EU CE%sT +# See Europe/Brussels. # North Macedonia # See Europe/Belgrade. @@ -2091,126 +1952,16 @@ Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 2:00 Moldova EE%sT # Monaco -# -# From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): -# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at -# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf -# we read: ... -# [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year], -# legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1, -# 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.] -# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at -# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf -# we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ... -# [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation -# of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal -# time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.] -# -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 - 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time - 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 - 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 - 1:00 EU CE%sT +# See Europe/Paris. # Montenegro # See Europe/Belgrade. # Netherlands - -# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, -# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. - -# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): -# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 -# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including -# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time -# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the -# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was -# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. -# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and -# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). -# -# (2001-04-08): -# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to -# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common -# practice of following Amsterdam mean time. -# -# (2001-04-09): -# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the -# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe -# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was -# actually followed. -# -# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to -# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of -# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most -# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically -# adopted Amsterdam mean time. -# -# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety -# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it -# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe -# Amsterdam mean time. - -# The data entries before 1945 are taken from -# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm - -# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-09): -# I invented the abbreviations AMT for Amsterdam Mean Time and NST for -# Netherlands Summer Time, used in the Netherlands from 1835 to 1937. - -# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time -Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time -Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT -Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT -Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT -Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST -# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week -# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. -Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST -Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - -Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - -# -# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted -# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 - 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 - 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 - 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 - 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 - 1:00 EU CE%sT +# See Europe/Brussels. # Norway -# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & -# Pottenger. -# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S -Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - -Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - -Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - -Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S -# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 - 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 - 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 - 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 - 1:00 EU CE%sT +# See Europe/Berlin. # Svalbard & Jan Mayen @@ -2257,9 +2008,9 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # -# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo +# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin # for these regions. -Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen + # Poland diff --git a/zone1970.tab b/zone1970.tab index aa7e9c4..d0bc8a8 100644 --- a/zone1970.tab +++ b/zone1970.tab @@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ AQ -6736+06253 Antarctica/Mawson Mawson AQ -6448-06406 Antarctica/Palmer Palmer AQ -6734-06808 Antarctica/Rothera Rothera AQ -720041+0023206 Antarctica/Troll Troll -AQ -7824+10654 Antarctica/Vostok Vostok AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF) AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba Argentina (most areas: CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF) AR -2447-06525 America/Argentina/Salta Salta (SA, LP, NQ, RN) @@ -74,10 +73,9 @@ AU -3143+12852 Australia/Eucla Western Australia (Eucla) AZ +4023+04951 Asia/Baku BB +1306-05937 America/Barbados BD +2343+09025 Asia/Dhaka -BE +5050+00420 Europe/Brussels +BE,LU,NL +5050+00420 Europe/Brussels BG +4241+02319 Europe/Sofia BM +3217-06446 Atlantic/Bermuda -BN +0456+11455 Asia/Brunei BO -1630-06809 America/La_Paz BR -0351-03225 America/Noronha Atlantic islands BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Pará (east); Amapá @@ -125,13 +123,13 @@ CA +6404-13925 America/Dawson MST - Yukon (west) CA +4916-12307 America/Vancouver Pacific - BC (most areas) CC -1210+09655 Indian/Cocos CH,DE,LI +4723+00832 Europe/Zurich Swiss time -CI,BF,GH,GM,GN,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan +CI,BF,GH,GM,GN,IS,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan CK -2114-15946 Pacific/Rarotonga CL -3327-07040 America/Santiago Chile (most areas) CL -5309-07055 America/Punta_Arenas Region of Magallanes CL -2709-10926 Pacific/Easter Easter Island CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai Beijing Time -CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time +CN,AQ +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time, Vostok CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica CU +2308-08222 America/Havana @@ -140,8 +138,7 @@ CX -1025+10543 Indian/Christmas CY +3510+03322 Asia/Nicosia Cyprus (most areas) CY +3507+03357 Asia/Famagusta Northern Cyprus CZ,SK +5005+01426 Europe/Prague -DE +5230+01322 Europe/Berlin Germany (most areas) -DK +5540+01235 Europe/Copenhagen +DE,DK,NO,SJ +5230+01322 Europe/Berlin Germany (most areas), Scandinavia DO +1828-06954 America/Santo_Domingo DZ +3647+00303 Africa/Algiers EC -0210-07950 America/Guayaquil Ecuador (mainland) @@ -159,7 +156,7 @@ FM +0725+15147 Pacific/Chuuk Chuuk/Truk, Yap FM +0658+15813 Pacific/Pohnpei Pohnpei/Ponape FM +0519+16259 Pacific/Kosrae Kosrae FO +6201-00646 Atlantic/Faroe -FR +4852+00220 Europe/Paris +FR,MC +4852+00220 Europe/Paris GB,GG,IM,JE +513030-0000731 Europe/London GE +4143+04449 Asia/Tbilisi GF +0456-05220 America/Cayenne @@ -188,7 +185,6 @@ IN +2232+08822 Asia/Kolkata IO -0720+07225 Indian/Chagos IQ +3321+04425 Asia/Baghdad IR +3540+05126 Asia/Tehran -IS +6409-02151 Atlantic/Reykjavik IT,SM,VA +4154+01229 Europe/Rome JM +175805-0764736 America/Jamaica JO +3157+03556 Asia/Amman @@ -211,11 +207,9 @@ LB +3353+03530 Asia/Beirut LK +0656+07951 Asia/Colombo LR +0618-01047 Africa/Monrovia LT +5441+02519 Europe/Vilnius -LU +4936+00609 Europe/Luxembourg LV +5657+02406 Europe/Riga LY +3254+01311 Africa/Tripoli MA +3339-00735 Africa/Casablanca -MC +4342+00723 Europe/Monaco MD +4700+02850 Europe/Chisinau MH +0709+17112 Pacific/Majuro Marshall Islands (most areas) MH +0905+16720 Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein @@ -239,16 +233,13 @@ MX +2934-10425 America/Ojinaga Mountain Time US - Chihuahua (US border) MX +2904-11058 America/Hermosillo Mountain Standard Time - Sonora MX +3232-11701 America/Tijuana Pacific Time US - Baja California MX +2048-10515 America/Bahia_Banderas Central Time - Bahía de Banderas -MY +0310+10142 Asia/Kuala_Lumpur Malaysia (peninsula) -MY +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching Sabah, Sarawak +MY,BN +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei MZ,BI,BW,CD,MW,RW,ZM,ZW -2558+03235 Africa/Maputo Central Africa Time NA -2234+01706 Africa/Windhoek NC -2216+16627 Pacific/Noumea NF -2903+16758 Pacific/Norfolk NG,AO,BJ,CD,CF,CG,CM,GA,GQ,NE +0627+00324 Africa/Lagos West Africa Time NI +1209-08617 America/Managua -NL +5222+00454 Europe/Amsterdam -NO,SJ +5955+01045 Europe/Oslo NP +2743+08519 Asia/Kathmandu NR -0031+16655 Pacific/Nauru NU -1901-16955 Pacific/Niue -- 2.36.1