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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">At the outset, I must thank John Levine again for the nice RFCs that I could read out of India. You may want to take the call on TLD side for Herve.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Herve [please note that the focus is on Domain Name as you wanted]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Knowing which variations of a domain name you should buy can be confusing because there are so many options.</span></div>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Thumb Rule: Known devil is better than unknown angel i.e please buy those that you certainly know.</span></div>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Domain name variations can typically mean purchasing typos of your domain name or your domain
name with additional words or letters. </span></div>
<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><br>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Cybersquatters and protecting your brand may be worth the investment in multiple domain name
variations. Multiple channel testing for landing pages is another advantage. Obviously cost and managing the domain names is the challenge. </span></div>
<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><br>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">I will not hazard any guess on your business logic that makes your decision.</span></div>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Hope this helps.</span></div>
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<div class="elementToProof"><span style="letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Sincerely,</span></div>
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Gopal T V</div>
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<span style="font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web (West European)", "Segoe UI", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px; color: rgb(32, 31, 30); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Professor</span><br>
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Science and Engineering</span><br>
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<span style="font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web (West European)", "Segoe UI", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px; color: rgb(32, 31, 30); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Chennai - 600 025,
INDIA</span><br>
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Extn. 3340</span><br>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Hervé Hounzandji <herve.hounzandji@gmail.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> 21 November 2023 13:39<br>
<b>To:</b> gopal <gopal@annauniv.edu><br>
<b>Cc:</b> ua-tech@icann.org <ua-tech@icann.org>; John Levine <john.levine@standcore.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [UA-Tech] BIUWG action item for Tech and Measurement WGs</font>
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<div dir="ltr">Hi guys,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>thanks John et Gopal.<br>
<br>
As a technician, it would be necessary to establish a clear definition of "variant" of a domain name otherwise we will not be able to move forward.<br>
So, I need more details.<br>
For example : myname.tld<br>
variants are only on <b>myname </b>or on both <b>myname </b>and the <b>TLD </b>?<br>
For me, variants must concern only the first side : myname.<br>
<br>
Have a great day !<br>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="x_gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="x_gmail_attr">Le mar. 21 nov. 2023 à 08:42, gopal via UA-Tech <<a href="mailto:ua-tech@icann.org">ua-tech@icann.org</a>> a écrit :<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="x_gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204); padding-left:1ex">
<div class="x_msg8803339308471958672">
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<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">Thank you John Levine for the nice examples.</span></div>
<div><br>
</div>
DNS does strict identifier mapping.
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Humans using languages and scripts do fuzzy mappings </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Can we reconcile them ?</div>
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<br>
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<div style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">
Variant is a nice method adopted by ICANN.</div>
<div style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">
<br>
</div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">There is today no fully accepted definition for what may constitute a variant relationship between top-level labels, and
the results of the case studies suggest that it would be very difficult to come to a single definition at the current time, because there is more than one phenomenon being discussed.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">For a given language or script, a codepoint may be valid in one TLD and invalid in another.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">We need rules to conclude and halt. That is seldom easy.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">The Simple LDH rule reads: A label that conforms to the hostname format that can consist of ASCII letters, digits, or
hyphens. A hyphen must not occupy the first or last position of the label.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">IDNs need LGRs to reckon with and compatible with the functioning of the DNS.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">IMHO, there is a need to include the systemic support to ensure safe, reliable and resilient operations.</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">Your thoughts..</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">Sincerely,</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
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<div style="margin:0px; background-color:rgb(254,254,254)"></div>
<div style="margin:0px; background-color:rgb(254,254,254)"></div>
<div style="margin:0px; background-color:rgb(254,254,254)">
<div style="text-align:left; margin:0px"><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-size:16px; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u>
<button label="" style="line-height:1; margin:0px; border-radius:3px; height:1.5rem; width:1.5rem">
<div style="text-align:left; margin-right:0px; margin-left:0px"></div>
</button></u></b></span></div>
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<div style="margin:0px; background-color:rgb(254,254,254)">
<p style="text-align:left; line-height:1.2; margin:0px 0px 1.5rem; font-size:0px">
<span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)">A
</span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/label-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWAe69ac5f2-b4af-b92a-b3ed-28f53882ca74" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">label</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)"> that
conforms to the </span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/hostname-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWA1362b247-8fdc-2e0f-2ebe-f07121f42c83" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">hostname</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)"> format
defined in </span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(3,106,166)"><b><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/request-for-comments-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWA23537cc9-a236-5d2c-c159-77738044047e" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(3,106,166)">Request
for Comments</a></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)"> (</span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/request-for-comments-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWA062aab93-9aa1-31cc-62c8-4e326f2d98fc" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">RFC</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)">)
952, as modified by </span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/request-for-comments-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWAe39ca6b6-cb1c-d975-bf6a-2a38ae460b0c" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">RFC</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)"> 1123.
</span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/ldh-label-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWAc1f75ba1-f249-4aab-23de-7512af95c558" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">LDH
label</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)">s can consist of
</span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; color:rgb(4,123,193)"><b><u><a href="https://www.icann.org/en/icann-acronyms-and-terms/ascii-en" id="x_m_5560252641456298894OWA556cfb59-a252-059d-d978-e875772c1dc6" target="_blank" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; color:rgb(4,123,193)">ASCII</a></u></b></span><span style="letter-spacing:normal; font-family:"Noto Sans",sans-serif; font-weight:400; color:rgb(51,51,51)"> letters,
digits, or hyphens. A hyphen must not occupy the first or last position of the </span>
<span style="font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">Gopal T V</span></p>
<p style="text-align:left; line-height:1.2; margin:0px 0px 1.5rem; font-size:0px">
<span style="font-size:14.6667px; color:rgb(32,31,30); background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">0 9840121302</span></p>
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<div id="x_m_5560252641456298894divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000" style="font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b> UA-Tech <<a href="mailto:ua-tech-bounces@icann.org" target="_blank">ua-tech-bounces@icann.org</a>> on behalf of John
Levine via UA-Tech <<a href="mailto:ua-tech@icann.org" target="_blank">ua-tech@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> 21 November 2023 06:52<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:ua-tech@icann.org" target="_blank">ua-tech@icann.org</a> <<a href="mailto:ua-tech@icann.org" target="_blank">ua-tech@icann.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [UA-Tech] BIUWG action item for Tech and Measurement WGs</font>
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<div>It appears that Seda Akbulut via UA-Tech <<a href="mailto:seda.akbulut@icann.org" target="_blank">seda.akbulut@icann.org</a>> said:<br>
>Background information about the BIUWG and UASG meeting:<br>
>BIUWG raised that IDN variant TLDs may have an impact on UA and asked if UASG is considering it?<br>
<br>
Experience tells us that the answer is no.<br>
<br>
> 1. Is there any points in the DNS ecosystem that needs variant domain names to be ‘merged’? ...<br>
<br>
>From a technical point of view, there is no such thing as variants.<br>
They're just different domain names. At a semantic level, people want<br>
variants to be treated the same, but nobody has ever been able to<br>
explain what "the same" means here.<br>
<br>
It is not very hard to have a DNS provisioning system make two names<br>
equivalent, and to install matching contents in the zones. I've done<br>
it for my users who have multiple names that they want to act<br>
similarly. That's not a problem that needs to be solved.<br>
<br>
It would also not be very hard to set up web and mail configurations<br>
to tell the server that domains B, C, and D are the same as A. Web<br>
requests for URLs in B, C, and D would do the same thing as requests<br>
for URLs in A, or so mail to xxx@B, xxx@C, xxx@D go to the same place<br>
as xxx@A. But you know what? Nobody has ever done it because NOBODY<br>
CARES. The market has spoken and told us that there is no demand for<br>
variant names.<br>
<br>
The closest we've had to 2LD variants was .NGO and .ONG which were<br>
until recently sold as a bundle, and everyone who had one also had the<br>
other. I went through the zone files one time to see how many of them<br>
had configured their web and mail servers to respond consistently to<br>
both. One provider did, everyone else did one or the other but not<br>
both. The .CAT registry used to provision accented and unaccented<br>
versions of names with a DNAME, so that <a href="http://www.ABC.cat" target="_blank">
www.ABC.cat</a> and <a href="http://www.abc.cat" target="_blank">www.abc.cat</a><br>
pointed to the same place, where ABC and abc are accented and<br>
unaccented versions of the name. Again I looked to see how many people<br>
made their web servers respond consistently, and found that nobody<br>
did.<br>
<br>
I would suggest we direct our efforts elsewhere, to topics that people<br>
do care about.<br>
<br>
R's,<br>
John<br>
<br>
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